小模数直齿轮免参数并行快速测量

Parameter-free parallel fast measurement of fine-pitch spur gears

小模数齿轮在实际制造中,单条产线多台设备通常同时生产多种不同参数的齿轮,迄今无法用单台齿轮测量仪器在生产线上同时实时全检这些不同参数的齿轮。开发了基于Facet的齿轮亚像素边缘定位算法、基于迭代重加权最小二乘的齿轮中心定位法、圆与齿廓交点快速定位法、正弦函数拟合齿数法和齿廓近似测压力角法等;若结合适当的送料与定位机构,本文方法能够在未知参数时,实现多种不同型号齿轮的混合测量,无需装夹,测量效率高。可以实现齿数、模数、压力角、齿顶圆直径、齿根圆直径、全齿高、齿宽、公法线变动量、变位系数、齿廓偏差和形位误差的测量。实验结果表明:该方法测量0.5~1.0 mm模数的直齿轮的重复性精度为4μm。该方法在小模数齿轮柔性化生产线具有重要应用前景。

In actual manufacturing of fine-pitch spur gears,multiple equipment on a single production line usually produce multiple gears with different parameters at the same time.So far,it is not possible to use a single gear measuring instrument to simultaneously and fully inspect these gears with different parameters on the production line in real time.We have developed a gear subpixel edge positioning algorithm based on Facet,a gear center positioning method based on iterative reweighted least squares,a fast positioning method for the intersection of circles and profiles,a sine function fitting tooth number method,and a pro⁃file approximate pressure angle measurement method.If combined with appropriate feeding and position⁃ing mechanisms,this method can achieve mixed measurement of multiple different types of gears without the need for clamping,and has high measurement efficiency when unknown parameters are present.It can measure the number of teeth,modulus,pressure angle,tip diameter,root diameter,whole depth of tooth,tooth width,base tangent length,modification coefficient,profile deviation,and geometric error.The experiment result shows that the repeatability accuracy of this method for measuring spur gears with modules ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 mm is 4μm.This method has important application prospects in the flex⁃ible production line of fine-pitch spur gears.