机载设备振动夹具优化设计方法

Optimization Design Method of Vibration Fixture for Onboard Equipment

针对机载振动夹具设计过程中存在的经验依赖性高、设计周期长、试制成本高、缺乏综合分析等问题,在传统设计方法的基础上,提出了一种基于拓扑优化方法的振动夹具优化设计策略。阐述了传统振动夹具的设计原则和方法,基于传统设计规范开展了振动试验夹具的初步设计。采用模态动力学仿真对基于初始设计的振动夹具进行了分析。根据模态分析结果确定了振动夹具拓扑优化设计的优化位置,优化初始空间、优化目标和约束条件,开展了基于固体各向同性材料惩罚方法(SIMP)的拓扑优化分析。基于拓扑优化分析结果,综合考虑可制造性、后期维护和安装便捷性等因素,进行了模型重构,同时针对装夹结构的薄弱位置进行了刚度优化设计。优化后的振动夹具模态分析结果验证了所提设计方法的有效性,为振动夹具的优化设计提供了一种新的思路。

To address the issues of high dependence on experience,long design cycle,high cost of prototype manufacturing,and lack of comprehensive analysis in the design process of onboard vibration fixtures,an optimization design strategy for vibration fixture based on topological optimization methods is proposed.The traditional design principles and methods of vibration fixtures are explained,and the preliminary design of a fixture for vibration test is carried out based on traditional design specifications.The preliminary designed vibration fixture is analyzed by modal dynamics simulation.According to the analysis results,the location,initial space,objective and constraint conditions of the vibration fixture topology optimization design are determined,and the topology optimization analysis based on solid isotropic material penalty method(SIMP)is carried out.Based on the topological optimization analysis results,factors including manufacturability,convenience of future maintenance and installation are considered for model reconstruction.And the weak locations in the fixture structure are identified and stiffness optimization design is conducted.Modal analysis results of the optimized vibration fixture verify the effectiveness of the proposed design method,and the proposed design method provides a new insight into the optimal design of vibration fixtures.