废水硫自养反硝化的电子供体与功能基因研究进展

Research Progress of Electron Donors and Functional Genes for Sulfur Autotrophic Denitrification in Wastewater Treatment

由于含氮废水的排放和含氮肥料的大量使用,氮污染成为一个日益严重的问题。生物处理的效率高、成本低、对环境友好,是废水脱氮的主要处理技术之一。硫自养反硝化由于不需要额外的碳源、产泥量少等特点而得到广泛关注。文章对单质硫、硫化物、硫代硫化物作为电子供体进行反硝化脱氮的研究进展进行了综述,探讨了硫自养反硝化的代谢途径和影响机制,对几种硫自养反硝化的影响因子进行了概述。在此基础上分析了硫自养反硝化微生物以及nar、nir、nor、nos等几种反硝化功能基因,并对反硝化工艺的发展和联用技术提出展望。

Nitrogen pollution has become an increasingly serious problem due to the discharge of nitrogen containing wastewater and the extensive use of nitrogen containing fertilizers.Biological denitrification is one of the main treatment technologies for wastewater denitrification because of the high efficiency,low cost and environmental friendliness of biological treatment.Sulfur autotrophic denitrification has received widespread attention because it does not require an additional carbon source and produces less sludge.In this paper,progress of denitrification by elemental sulfur,sulfide and thiosulfate as electron donors are introduced,the metabolic pathways and influence mechanisms of sulfur autotrophic denitrification are explored,and an overview of several influencing factors for sulfur autotrophic denitrification is given.On this basis,sulfur autotrophic denitrification bacteria as well as several types of functional genes of denitrification such as nar,nir,nor and nos are analyzed,with a view to offering an outlook on the development of denitrification processes and co-location technologies.