滴灌条件下种植密度对盐地碱蓬生长及移盐量的影响

Effects of Planting Density on the Growth and Salt Transfer of Suaeda salsa L.under Drip Irrigation Conditions

为了研究滴灌条件下盐地碱蓬的生长和移盐能力对不同种植密度的响应,在新疆喀什地区分别设置D1(10株/m^(2))、D2(20株/m^(2))、D3(30株/m^(2))、D4(40株/m^(2))、D5(50株/m^(2))、D6(60株/m^(2))共6种种植密度进行大田试验,以期通过控制种植密度调控盐地碱蓬株型,达到高产、高效的目的。结果表明:滴灌条件下,种植密度对盐地碱蓬的生长影响显著,随着种植密度增大,株高先增高后降低,蓬径与茎粗逐渐减小;盐地碱蓬生物量随着密度的增大先提高后降低,呈二次曲线趋势,D3处理的生物量最大,较其他处理提高了7.45%~63.85%,同时,D3处理的移盐量最高,达5931.21 kg/hm^(2),较其他处理高12.49%~59.97%;D3与D4处理水分生产效率相近,分别为6.31、6.14 kg/m3;D3处理水分移盐效率最高,达1.58 kg/m^(3),D4处理次之,为1.41 kg/m^(3)。本研究表明可通过控制种植密度调控盐地碱蓬生长指标,优化株型,进而影响盐地碱蓬的产量与移盐能力,滴灌条件下种植盐地碱蓬应采取30~40株/m^(2)的稀植密度。

In order to study the effects of different planting density on the growth and salt transfer of Suaeda salsa L.under drip irrigation,field experiments were conducted in Kashi region of Xinjiang with six planting densities,D1(10 plants/m^(2)),D2(20 plants/m^(2)),D3(30 plants/m^(2)),D4(40 plants/m^(2)),D5(50 plants/m^(2)),D6(60 plants/m^(2)),the aim of this study was to control the plant type of Suaeda salsa by controlling the planting density so as to achieve high yield and high efficiency.The results showed that the growth indicators of Suaeda salsa was significantly affected by planting densities under drip irrigation,with the increase of planting density,the plant height first increased and then decreased,the canopy diameter and stem diameter gradually decreased.The biomass first increased and then decreased with the increase of density,showing a quadratic curve trend.The biomass of D3 treatment was the largest,which increased by 7.45%~63.85% compared with other treatments,meanwhile,and amount of salt transfer of D3 treatment was the highest,reaching 5931.21 kg/hm^(2),which was 12.49%~59.97% higher than other treatments.The water production efficiency of D3 and D4 treatments was similar,with 6.31 and 6.14 kg/m^(3),respectively.The highest water and salt transfer efficiency of D3 treatment was 1.58 kg/m^(3),followed by D4 treatment with 1.41 kg/m^(3).In this study,it was found that the yield and salt transfer ability of the plant could be affected by controlling the planting density of Suaeda salsa,adjusting the growth index and optimizing the plant type.Under drip irrigation conditions,the thin plant density of 30~40 plants/m^(2) should be adopted.