重要人感染RNA病毒复制机制和靶向聚合酶药物开发研究进展

Research progress on the replication mechanisms of important human-infecting RNA viruses and polymerase-directed drug development

近年来,拉沙热、埃博拉、新冠和尼帕等多种病毒性传染病在世界范围内频繁暴发,给人类健康和社会经济发展带来了巨大威胁。广谱抗病毒药物是主动应对新发突发病毒性传染病的重要手段之一,而其研发的关键是发现病毒特有的保守药物靶点。病毒聚合酶负责病毒基因组的复制和转录过程,蛋白序列相对保守,是理想的药物靶点。本文以重要人感染RNA病毒聚合酶的工作机制和靶向病毒聚合酶的药物开发展开综述,为未来新发突发传染性疾病防控提供新思路和新策略。

Recently,emerging infectious viral diseases including Lassa fever,Ebola,COVID-19 and Nipah,have posed a great threat to the public health and development of human society.Developing broad-spectrum antiviral drugs is one of the major strategies to deal with them.The viral polymerase is responsible for the genomic replication and transcription and the protein sequence is highly conserved,making it an ideal target for drug development.In this review,we summarized the current knowledge about the working mechanisms of important human-infecting RNA virus polymerases and development of polymerase-targeting drugs,which will provide new insights into the control and prevention of emerging infectious diseases in the future.