导管通路在慢性胰腺炎致病机制中的作用进展

Progress in the role of ductal pathways in the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis

慢性胰腺炎(CP)是一种遗传和环境等多因素作用下的进行性纤维性胰腺炎性疾病。目前,CP遗传致病机制主要分为胰蛋白酶依赖性通路、蛋白错误折叠通路和导管通路。胰腺导管上皮细胞作为胰腺外分泌部的一种重要细胞类型,可以产生H2O和HCO_(3)^(-),负责碱化、稀释和输送消化酶。当导管通路相关的易感基因发生功能障碍时,将会导致导管内离子浓度失衡与消化酶转运障碍,促进CP的发生与发展。既往导管通路相关致病基因较少,近年来对其认知逐步加深,新型易感基因陆续被发现。本文主要针对导管通路相关基因及其主要致病机制展开论述,以加深对CP发生机制的认识。

Chronic pancreatitis(CP)is a progressive fibrotic pancreatic disease influenced by multiple factors such as genetic and environmental factors.Currently,the genetic pathogenic mechanisms of CP are mainly divided into three pathways:the trypsin-dependent pathway,the protein misfolding pathway,and the ductal pathway.Pancreatic ductal epithelial cells,as an important cell type in the exocrine pancreas,are capable of producing H2O and HCO_(3)^(-),and are responsible for the alkalization,dilution,and transportation of digestive enzymes.When genes related to the ductal pathway are functionally impaired,it will lead to an imbalance in the ion concentration within the duct and a disturbance in the transport of digestive enzymes,promoting the occurrence and development of CP.In the past,genes related to the ductal pathway were relatively rare,but in recent years,our understanding of the ductal pathway has gradually deepened,and new susceptibility genes have been continuously discovered.This article mainly discusses the genes related to the ductal pathway and their main pathogenic mechanisms to deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of CP.