基于胞外囊泡治疗诊断学智能药物递送工具

Extracellular vesicle-based theranostic intelligent drug delivery tool

胞外囊泡(EVs)作为细胞外的膜颗粒,在细胞间信号传导中起着至关重要的作用。研究表明,EVs有可能用作特定器官(如内耳)的生物标志物或药物递送系统。在压力与健康状态下,EVs释放的分子不同,这些活性分子能够识别机体的患病状态。研究表明,可以利用EVs将药物输送到难以到达的器官,如耳蜗感觉毛细胞和大脑,因为它们能够穿过血迷路和血脑屏障。在本综述中,我们总结了有关EVs的生物组成和发生、分离技术、表征手段、作为药物输送载体的潜在治疗应用、药物加载方法及在听觉系统内耳治疗的应用潜力。

Extracellular vesicles(EVs),as extracellular membrane particles,play a crucial role in intercellular signaling.Research suggests that EVs may be used as biomarkers for specific organs(such as the inner ear)or as drug delivery systems.The molecules released by EVs under stress and healthy conditions are different,and these active molecules can recognize the body's disease state.Research has shown that EVs can be used to deliver drugs to structurally complex organs,such as cochlear sensory hair cells and the brain,as they can cross the blood-labyrinth and blood-brain barrier.In this review,we summarize the biological composition and biogenesis of EVs,separation techniques,characterization methods,potential therapeutic applications as drug delivery carriers,drug loading methods,and potential applications in the treatment of the inner ear within the auditory system.