视神经蛋白结构域的功能性作用

Functional role of the optineurin protein domains

视神经蛋白(OPTN)是一种多功能蛋白,与一系列蛋白质相互作用,参与多种细胞功能,与青光眼和肌萎缩侧索硬化症等神经退行性疾病有关。OPTN含有多个结构域使其能够参与多种细胞功能调节,包括NF-κB调节、膜运输、胞吐、囊泡运输、维持高尔基体形态、细胞周期控制、泛素化调节和自噬。OPTN结构和功能的多样性,为探讨其参与疾病的具体作用机制带来了挑战。本文梳理了近年来有关OPTN的研究文献,总结了OPTN各个结构域参与的功能性作用,为进一步理解OPTN在神经退行性疾病中所发挥的作用提供了思路和参考。

Optineurin(OPTN)is a multifunctional protein that interacts with a range of proteins to participate in various cellular functions.OPTN is associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as glaucoma and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.OPTN contains multiple protein domains that enable it to participate in a variety of cellular functions,including NF-κB regulation,membrane transport,exocytosis,vesicular transport,maintenance of Golgi apparatus mor‐phology,cell cycle control,ubiquitination regulation,and autophagy.The diversity in structure and function of OPTN poses challenges for exploring its specific mechanisms in diseases.This article reviews recent literature on OPTN and summarizes the functional roles of various OPTN domains,providing insights and references for further understanding the roles of OPTN in neurodegenerative diseases.