考虑STATCOM多种控制模式的无功储备优化方法

Reactive Power Reservation Strategy and Optimization Method Considering Various Control Modes of STATCOM

针对静止同步补偿器(static synchronous compensator,STATCOM)在无功补偿以及抑制电压频繁波动等场景下的优良特性,对STATCOM的V-I输出特性进行详细分析,说明其参与电压控制的原理以及和容抗器相比具有的优越性。为了增大STATCOM的无功裕度,使之有足够的能力应对电力系统可能出现的各种扰动,提出STATCOM接入系统的各种控制模式,以及在稳态电压控制模式下的无功置换策略和远方自动电压控制(automatic voltage control,AVC)模式下的无功置换优化方法。在远方AVC模式下,以STATCOM无功置换后出力最小和容抗器动作次数最少为目标函数,将容抗器投切次数作为罚函数引入到目标函数中,并讨论罚函数系数的确定方法和合理性。结果表明,该无功置换优化模型可以满足调压的同时最大限度地提升STATCOM的无功裕度,同时可以使容抗器的动作次数最少。

In response to the excellent characteristics of the static synchronous compensator(STATCOM)in reactive power compensation and suppression of frequent voltage fluctuations,this paper analyzes its V-I output characteristics in detail,and explains the principle of its participation in voltage control and the advantages compared with the capacitive reactance devices.In order to increase the reactive power margin of the STATCOM so as to enable it adequate to deal with various disturbances that may occur in the power system,the paper proposes various control modes of STATCOM accessing to the system,reactive power substitution strategy in steady-state voltage control mode and reactive power substitution optimization model in remote automatic voltage control(AVC)control mode.In the remote AVC control mode,the minimum output after STATCOM reactive power substitution and the minimum number of capacitive reactance are taken as the objective functions.The switching times of capacitive reactance are introduced into the objective functions as penalty functions,and the determination method and rationality of penalty function coefficients are discussed.The results show that the reactive power substitution optimization model can satisfy the voltage regulation and maximize the reactive power margin of STATCOM.At the same time,the operation times of capacitors and reactors can be minimized.