中国考古学的重大课题

Major Topics in Chinese Archaeology

学术重大课题是引领学科发展的具有前瞻性的方向标。2014年美欧考古学界就未来25年的考古学发展推出了25个重大课题,在国际考古学界产生了较大影响,同样有必要探讨中国考古学的重大课题。分析中国考古学的重大课题需要结合学科所处的内外背景关联。回顾百年中国考古学发展,可以看出不同阶段重大课题的引领作用,最终指向是要建立自主学术体系。展望未来,主导中国考古学发展的时代精神应该是超越,包括摆脱对西方学术体系的依赖,建立中国考古学的主体性;超越既有的主流范式,拓展学术领域;超越考古学的学科范畴,参与讨论与人类社会发展相关的重大问题;超越中国的研究范围,研究世界文明等。归根结底,是要建立一个具有创新与开拓能力的自主学术体系。

Major academic topics can serve as forward-looking guidelines for the development of disciplines.In 2014,the Euro-American archaeological communities proposed 25 major topics for archaeological development over the next 25 years,which has made a significant impact on the international archaeological community.In view of this,it is equally necessary to explore significant topics in Chinese archaeology.An analysis of these topics requires considering the internal and external contexts related to the discipline.Looking back the history of Chinese archaeology over the past century,we could observe how this discipline have been guided by the major academic topics,and it is ultimately aimed to establish an independent academic system.Looking ahead,the guiding spirit for advancing Chinese archaeology should be transcending,including shaking off the dependency on the Western academic system,establishing China’s own subjectivity,going beyond the predominant paradigm to expand research domains,transcending disciplinary boundaries by engaging in discussions on major issues related to human development,broadening research scope beyond China to study world civilizations and so on.Ultimately,it is about building an autonomous academic system with innovation and pioneering capabilities.