分工优化与共同富裕——基于马克思劳动正义论的考察

The Optimization of Division of Labor and Common Prosperity——An Examination Based on Marx’s Labor Justice Theory

东西方传统思想对于分工的认识都是片面的,只看到了分工的技术特性。马克思则辩证地认识到了分工的异化特性和技术特性。马克思指出,实现共同富裕的根本在于异化分工的克服,但是异化分工克服之后并不能自然而然地实现共同富裕,还必须对分工进行进一步的优化。为实现共同富裕,我国目前仍然需要防止资本扩张导致的新的分工异化,同时要注意从改善自然条件、改善社会文化氛围、完善分配体系等方面对分工予以优化。社会保障和慈善事业是必要的,但应置于补充性的地位。

Traditional theories,both Chinese and Western ones,have a one-sided understanding of division of labor,that is,only seeing the technical characteristics of division of labor.Marx dialectic-ally realized the characteristics of the alienation and the technical characteristics of division of labor.Marx pointed out that the fundamental realization of common prosperity lies in the overcoming of alienation division of labor,but after the overcoming of alienation division of labor,common prosperity can not be realized naturally and immediately.Division of labor must be further optimized.In order to achieve common prosperity,China still needs to prevent some kind of new alienation of division of labor caused by capital expansion.At the same time,attention should be paid to optimizing the division of labor from the aspects of bettering natural conditions,improving social and cultural atmosphere,and improving the distribution system.Social security and philanthropy are necessary,but they should be placed in a complementary position.