利用水洗飞灰制备瓷砖胶的实验研究

Experimental Study on the Preparation of Ceramic Tile Adhesive Using Water Washed Fly Ash

在分析水洗飞灰的化学组分的基础上,分别研究了水洗飞灰和未水洗飞灰制备瓷砖胶的可行性。研究结果表明:水洗飞灰制备瓷砖胶是可行的,将水洗飞灰、砂石、水泥、纤维素、甲酸钙、聚乙烯醇、胶粉和消泡剂加入适量的水能研制出瓷砖胶;最佳配方(wt%)为:水洗飞灰3.61%、砂石46.88%、纤维素0.18%、甲酸钙0.18%、聚乙烯醇0.07%、胶粉1.44%、水泥21.64%、消泡剂0.03%、水25.97%;最佳配方制成的瓷砖胶经养护箱养护28 d后其粘结强度能达到0.75 MPa,远大于JC/T 547-2017《陶瓷砖胶粘剂》标准中规定C1级的0.5 MPa;浸出毒性检测结果表明瓷砖胶中重金属Cr、Cu、Ni和Zn的浸出浓度远低于GB 18598-2019、GB 16889-2008规定的浸出阈值,能够安全地应用于现代建筑的装修。为垃圾焚烧飞灰无害化资源化利用提供了重要的依据。

Based on the analysis of chemical components of washed fly ash,the feasibility of preparing ceramic tile adhesive using washed and unwashed fly ash was investigated separately.The research results indicate that it is feasible to prepare ceramic tile adhesive using washed fly ash.Adding an appropriate amount of water to combine wash fly ash,sand and gravel,cement,cellulose,calcium formate,polyvinyl alcohol,adhesive powder,and defoamer can develop ceramic tile adhesive.The optimal formula is as follows:3.61%washed fly ash,46.88%sand,0.18%cellulose,0.18%calcium format,0.07%polyvinyl alcohol,1.44%adhesive powder,21.64%cement,0.03%defoamer,and 25.97%water.The ceramic tile adhesive prepared with this optimal formulation achieves a bonding strength of 0.75 MPa after being cured in a curing box for 28 days,surpassing the C1 level standard of 0.5 MPa specified in JC/T 547-2017《Ceramic Tile Adhesives》.The leaching toxicity test results indicate that the leaching concentration of heavy metals(Cr,Cu,Ni,and Zn)from the ceramic tile adhesive was much lower than the leaching thresholds specified in GB 18598-2019 and GB 16889-2008 and could be safely applied to the decoration of modern buildings.These research findings provide an important basis for the harmless and resourceful utilization of waste incineration fly ash.