宿主蛋白SIRT5在代谢和疾病进程中的作用

Role of host protein SIRT5 in metabolism and disease processes

SIRT5作为Sirtuins家族的成员之一,是一种依赖于烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,NAD)的赖氨酸去酰化酶,具有去乙酰化、去琥珀酰化、去丙二酰化、去戊二酰化酶活性。SIRT5是细胞稳态的重要调节因子,参与调节不同代谢过程中蛋白质的活性,例如:糖酵解、三羧酸循环(TCA循环)、脂肪酸-β氧化、活性氧(ROS)解毒等。SIRT5还可以充当肿瘤激活或抑制因子,在神经退行性疾病中发挥重要作用。此外,SIRT5亦可在抗病毒天然免疫反应中起关键作用。本文通过对SIRT5的结构、酶活性、生物学功能以及在疾病进程中发挥的作用进行综述,以全面了解SIRT5研究现状。

As a member of the Sirtuins family,SIRT5 is a lysine deacylase dependent on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD),with deacetylation,desuccinylation,demalonylation and deglutarylation activities.SIRT5 is an important regulator of cell homeostasis,regulating the activity of proteins involved in different metabolic processes,such as glycolysis,tricarboxylic acid cycle(TCA cycle),fatty acid-βoxidation,and reactive oxygen species(ROS)detoxification.SIRT5 can also act as a tumor activator or suppressor,which plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases.In addition,SIRT5 also plays a key role in the antiviral innate immune response.In this paper,the structure,enzyme activity,biological function and the role of SIRT5 in the disease process were reviewed,so as to comprehensively understand the research status of SIRT5.