截顶和施肥对亚美马褂木采穗圃产量和质量的影响

Effects of Top-cutting and Fertilization on Outputand Quality of Cuttings inLiriodendron sino-americanum Cutting Orchard

为探究截顶及施肥措施对亚美马褂木采穗圃母株产量与质量的影响,筛选可供生产上推广的亚美马褂木采穗圃经营措施,于2022年在福建省漳平五一国有林场后福采穗圃开展亚美马褂木采穗圃母株不同截顶和施肥(截顶+施肥、未截顶+施肥、截顶+未施肥、未截顶+未施肥)试验。结果表明:不同截顶和施肥处理母株的生长、萌条产量和质量均存在极显著差异,其中以截顶+施肥处理效果最好,其母株地径生长和有效萌条量分别比未截顶+施肥、截顶+未施肥、未截顶+未施肥处理提高23.08%和70.83%、18.52%和74.47%、88.24%和110.26%,总萌条量分别比未截顶+施肥、未截顶+未施肥处理母株提高56.06%、53.73%,有效萌条率、有效萌条枝长、有效萌条枝径分别比截顶+未施肥、未截顶+未施肥处理提高72.80%和36.76%、80.77%和46.88%、100.00%和60.00%。亚美马褂木母株地径与萌条产量、质量指标之间存在显著或极显著正相关关系,截顶处理萌条数量与质量指标之间相关性不显著,截顶+施肥处理的总萌条量和萌条质量指标之间呈极显著正相关关系。综合结果表明,单独采取截顶或施肥不能兼顾母株萌条产量和质量,截顶+施肥组合处理可作为亚美马褂木采穗圃经营的有效措施。

To investigate the influence of top-cutting and fertilization measures on the yield and quality of cuttings a Liriodendron sino-americanum cutting orchard,and to identify operational strategies suitable for widespread application in prod uction,experiments were conducted in 2022 at the Wuyi State-owned Forest Farm in Zhangping,Fujian Province.The experimental design included different top-c utting and fertilization treatments(top-cutting+fertilization,no top-cutti ng+fertilization,top-cutting+no fertilization,no top-cutting+no f ertilization).The results revealed significant differences in the growth,cutti ng yield,and quality of the maternal plant among the various top-cutting and f ertilization treatments.Notably,the top-cutting+fertilization treatment exh ibited the most favorable outcomes.The ground diameter growth and effective cut ting quantity of maternal plants in this treatment increased by 23.08%and 70.83%,respectively,compared to the no top-cutting+fertilization treatment,18.52%and 74.47%compared to the top-cutting+no fertilization treatment,88.24%and 110.26%compared to the no top-cutting+no fertilization treatme nt.The total cutting quantity increased by 56.06%and 53.73%,respectively,c ompared to no top-cutting+fertilization and no top-cutting+no fertilization.The rate of effective cuttings,along with effective cutting branch length and diameter,demonstrated substantial enhancements of 72.80%/36.76%and 80.77%/46.88%,100%/60.00%,respectively when contrasted with the top-cutting or no top-cutting+fertilization treatment.Significant or highly significant po sitive correlations were observed between the ground diameter and cuttings yield and quality indicators of maternal plant.Conversely,there was no significant correlation between number of cuttings and quality of cuttings in the top-cutti ng treatment alone,while a highly significant positive correlation emerged betw een the total quantity and quality indicators in the top-cutting+fertilizatio n treatment.The comprehensive results indicate that the singular adoption of to p-cutting or fertilization inadequately addresses both maternal plants cutting yield and quality,and the top-cutting+fertilization treatment can be used as a viable operational measure in the management of Liriodendron sino-am ericanum cutting orchards.