光谱分析技术用于畜禽养殖粪污成分检测的研究进展

Research Progress on Spectral Analysis for Component Detection of Farming Manure

作为一种“放错了地方的资源”,养殖业所产生的粪污排放量大、成分复杂,借助先进理化分析手段开展成分分析,进而针对性地开展发酵处理,实现“变废为宝”具有重要意义。传统的粪污成分理化检测方法存在耗时长、前处理过程复杂等问题,近年来,光谱分析技术因具有检测速度快、成本低等优点,在养殖粪污成分检测研究领域已开展较多研究,并在未来应用中展示出良好前景。本文介绍了传统的粪污检测方法及存在不足;综述了基于光谱分析技术检测养殖粪污中碳氮元素、金属元素、干物质/有机物和磷元素等成分含量的研究进展;并对光谱分析技术用于养殖粪污检测在预测模型构建、样品制备方法和检测仪器研发等方面存在的问题和改进方向进行了总结,可为养殖粪污资源化高效利用提供理论支撑。

The farming manure has great utilizable value and can be used for fermentation.However,the physical and chemical analysis of farming manure need to be performed due to the high emission and complex composition,which can also provide a reference for efficient utilization of farming manure.Traditional physical and chemical detection methods of manure components have many problems,such as time-consuming,complex pre-treatment process,and etc.Nowadays,spectral analysis technology has been carried out in the field of farming manure components detection because of its advantages of low cost and fast detection speed,which shows a good prospect for future application.In this paper,the traditional manure detection method and its shortcomings were introduced.And then,the research progress in the determination of carbon and nitrogen elements,metal elements,dry matter/organic matter and phosphorus elements in farming manure based on spectral analysis technology was reviewed.Finally,the problems and improvement directions of prediction model construction,sample preparation and testing instrument development based on spectral analysis technology were summarized.This paper can provide theoretical support for the rational utilization of farming manure detection.