漂浮式光伏电站中漂浮方阵的流荷载数值预报研究

STUDY OF NUMERICAL PREDICTION ON FLOW LOADS OF FLOATING ARRAY IN FLOATING PV POWER STATIONS

漂浮式光伏电站遭遇突发泄洪等极端情况时流荷载骤增,对漂浮方阵的整体安全构成威胁,正确评估漂浮方阵的流荷载变得十分重要。以国家能源菏泽发电有限公司建设的某大型漂浮式光伏电站为例,首先基于计算流体力学(CFD)方法对单个浮体模型所受流荷载进行数值研究,确定符合计算要求的最优网格数量;然后通过计算光伏组件以10行10列(即10×10)方式排布的漂浮方阵在0°~90°流向角下的流荷载,得到该漂浮方阵最大流荷载流向和初步的流荷载分布规律;最后通过对比分别利用3D、2.5D和2D计算方法得到的30×28漂浮方阵流荷载计算结果,完成了195×98漂浮方阵整体流荷载的预测。研究结果显示:1)不同流向角下,0°流向角时漂浮方阵所受的流荷载最大,随着流向角增大流荷载逐渐减小;当流向角为90°时,流荷载达到最小值,仅为0°流向角时的48%左右。2)0°流向角时,迎流第1行浮体所受流荷载最大,受遮蔽效应影响,后续各行的流荷载逐渐减小。3)漂浮方阵所受流荷载基本不随列变化;30×28漂浮方阵中间某列采用2D和2.5D计算方法得到的漂浮方阵流荷载与采用3D计算方法所得的结果一致。研究成果可为漂浮式光伏电站等类似大规模漂浮式结构物的流荷载预报提供参考。

When floating PV power stations encounter extreme situations such as sudden floods,the flow load suddenly increases,posing a threat to the overall safety of the floating array.It is crucial to correctly evaluate the flow load of the floating array.This paper takes a large floating PV power station constructed by National Energy Heze Power Generation Co.,Ltd.as an example.Firstly,based on computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method,numerical research is conducted on the flow load on a floating body model to determine the optimal number of grids that meet the calculation requirements.Then,by calculating the flow load of a floating array of PV modules arranged in 10 rows and 10 columns(10×10)at a flow angle of 0°~90°,the maximum flow load direction of the floating array and the preliminary flow load distribution pattern are obtained.Finally,by comparing the flow load calculation results of the 30×28 floating array obtained using 3D,2.5D,and 2D calculation methods,respectively,the overall flow load prediction of the 195×98 floating array is completed.The research results show that:1)under different flow angles,the floating array is subjected to the maximum flow load when flow angle at 0°,and the flow load gradually decreases as the flow angle increases.When the flow angle is 90°,the flow load reaches its minimum value,which is only about 48%of the 0°flow angle.2)When the flow angle is at 0°,the floating body in the first row of the upstream flow is subjected to the maximum flow load,which is affected by the shielding effect.The flow load in subsequent rows gradually decreases.3)The flow load on the floating array does not vary significantly with the column.The flow load of the floating array in the middle column of the 30×28 floating array calculated by the 2D and 2.5D calculation methods is consistent with the results obtained using 3D calculation method.The research results can provide reference for flow load prediction of large-scale floating structures such as floating PV power stations.