高原隧道高地(水)温段热害防控技术分析

Analysis on Heat Damage Prevention and Control Technology in Sections with High Ground(Water) Temperature of Plateau Tunnel

我国云南、西藏、四川等省地热资源丰富,在隧道和地下工程施工中常遇到高温热害问题。在XB隧道建设中遇到了高达70.0~96.3℃的水温和50.0~81.5℃的岩温段,给施工带来了极大风险,给保障工程结构性能增加了困难。文章阐述了热害对工程质量和工作效率的影响,通过工程实践与应用研究,比选了放置冰块、通风降温、局部机械制冷、喷雾洒水、炮孔冷却、减少热源等措施的降温效果,研发了超高温环境下注浆堵水材料和机械设备,并提出带水作业四条件,旨在实现安全快速施工,为类似工程施工提供参考。

China's Yunnan,Tibet,Sichuan and other provinces are rich in geothermal resources,and high temperature heat damage problems are often encountered in tunnel and underground engineering construction.In the construction of XB tunnel,water temperature as high as 70.0-96.3 ℃ and rock temperature as high as 50.0-81.5 ℃ were encountered,which brought great risks to the construction and increased difficulties to ensure the structural performance of the engineering.This paper expounds the influence of heat damage on engineering quality and work efficiency.Through engineering practice and application research,the cooling effects of measures such as placing ice,ventilation cooling,local mechanical refrigeration,spray watering,blast hole cooling and reducing heat source are compared and selected.Grouting water plugging materials and mechanical equipment under ultra-high temperature environment are developed,and four conditions for water carrying operation are put forward,aiming at achieving safe and rapid construction and providing reference for similar engineering construction.