不同土壤环境对粒用高粱农艺性状及养分含量的影响

Effects of Different Soil Environment on Agronomic Traits and Nutrient Con⁃tent of Grain Sorghum

本试验通过在贫瘠土壤环境下设置5种施肥水平,研究在不同养分含量土壤环境下,粒用高粱叶片特征、农艺性状、养分含量的表现。研究表明,相对于缺磷和缺钾,高粱叶片的生长发育对氮素缺乏更为敏感;氮磷钾三种元素相互作用对高粱产量、单穗粒重、千粒重以及秸秆干重的贡献率要高于任意两种元素互作;高粱秸秆和籽粒中钾素的积累量均高于磷的积累量,说明高粱对钾素需求较多。在土壤营养条件匮乏的情况下,补充氮、钾两种元素会提高高粱对磷元素的吸收,补充氮、磷两种元素会提高高粱对钾元素的吸收,因此氮素补充对高粱生产具有重要的意义。说明缺氮对高粱的影响明显大于缺钾和缺磷的影响。合理的氮磷钾配比有利于促进高粱的生长发育,增加产量和改善品质。

In this experiment,five fertilization levels of OPT,OPT-N,OPT-P,OPT-K and CK were set up in poor soil environment to study the differences in leaf characteristics,agronomic traits and nutrient content of grain sorghum under soil conditions with different nutrient contents.The results showed that:Compared with the lack of P and K,the growth and development of sorghum leaves were more sensitive to the lack of N.The contribution rate of the interaction of N,P and K to the increase of sorghum yield,grain weight per panicle,1000-grain weight and straw dry weight was higher than that of any two elements.The accumulation of K in sorghum straw and grain was higher than that of P,indicating that Sorghum needs more K.In the absence of soil nutrient conditions,N and K supplementation can improve the absorption of P by sorghum,while N and P can improve the absorption of K.Therefore,N supplementation is of great significance to sorghum production.It indicates that the influence of N deficiency on sorghum is obviously greater than that of K and P fertilizer.Reasonable ratio of N,P and K can promote the growth of sorghum,increase the yield and improve the quality.