金属增材制造残余应力研究现状

Current situation of study on residual stress of materials additive manufacturing

金属增材制造(MAM)过程中形成及不断累积的残余应力,对构件尺寸稳定性、耐腐蚀性能、抗裂纹扩展性能和力学性能产生显著影响,全面综述了MAM构件残余应力的形成机制、影响因素、测试表征、模拟仿真及主动调控等方面的最新研究成果,并基于技术现状,总结了残余应力测试、仿真、调控等技术存在的问题和难点,并展望了未来的发展趋势,为研究者提供有关MAM残余应力的最新信息和知识,以期为开发一种系统的残余应力控制技术提供一些实用的启示。

Accumulated residual stress in the process of metal additive manufacturing(MAM) has a significant impact on the dimensional stability, corrosion resistance, crack growth resistance and mechanical properties of MAM specimens. The latest research results on the formation mechanism, influencing factors, test characterization, simulation and active regulation of residual stress in MAM components were reviewed. Based on the current status of relevant technologies, the problems and difficulties of various residual stress testing, simulation, regulation and other technologies were summarized, and the future development trend was prospeced, so as to provide the latest information and knowledge about the MAM residual stress for researchers, in order to provide some practical enlightenment for the development of a systematic residual stress control technology.