类器官在感染性疾病建模中的应用

Use of Organoids in Infectious Disease Modeling

感染性疾病一直以来对个人健康和社会安定都有极大影响,然而,传统的动物及二维(2D)细胞模型难以在病原体建模及药物评价中获得较为可靠的结果。类器官是由干细胞发育而来的高度模仿生物体结构和功能的多细胞体系,在感染性疾病建模方面表现出巨大潜力。该文重点介绍了类器官在病毒、细菌以及原生生物三大领域作为感染模型的广泛应用,此外,还讨论了当前类器官构建感染模型的不足之处并对其未来发展作了展望。

Infectious diseases always had a great impact on personal health and social stability.However,traditional animal and 2D(two-dimensional)cell models are difficult to obtain reliable results in pathogens modeling and drug evaluation.Organoids are multicellular systems that develop from stem cells and highly mimic the structure and function of living organisms.It has shown great potential in modeling of infections diseases.This paper highlights the wide application of organoids as infection models in three major fields:viruses,bacteria and protists.In addition,it also discusses the shortcomings of current organoids infection models and looks forward to their future development.