低温环境下柴油机冷启动预热技术研究进展

Research Progress of Cold-start Preheating Technology of Diesel Engine in Low Temperature Environment

在低温环境下柴油机启动困难,因此提高柴油机的冷启动性能是柴油机研究的一个重点,其中预热技术是改善冷启动的重要技术之一。通过分析低温环境下影响柴油机冷启动相关因素,从进气预热,燃油预热,机油预热和冷却液预热四个方面介绍了研究现状并探讨了冷启动预热技术的发展方向。指出通过在简化预热装置的安装与使用,研究发展全油路电加热技术,以计算机仿真联合台架实验为研究手段以及高寒环境下的预热技术研究是未来冷启动预热技术研究的重点和方向。

It is very difficult for diesel engine to start up in low temperature environment.Therefore,improving the cold start performance of diesel engine is an important direction of diesel engine research,and preheating technology is one of the important technologies to improve the cold start effect.This paper analyzes the relevant factors affecting the cold start of diesel engine in low temperature environment,introduces the research status from four aspects:intake air preheating,fuel preheating,engine oil preheating and coolant preheating,and discusses the development direction of cold start preheating technology.It is pointed out that the emphasis and direction of cold start preheating technology research in the future is to simplify the installation and use of preheating device,research and development of full oil circuit electric heating technology,taking computer simulation combined test bench test as the research means,and research on preheating technology in high cold environment.