中国城市群数字普惠金融演化特征及其对高质量发展的效应分析

The evolution characteristics of digital financial inclusion in Chinese urban agglomerations and its effects on high-quality development

本文在探讨数字普惠金融与高质量发展的理论关系基础上,利用Dagum基尼系数、空间自相关、空间杜宾模型对2011—2021年中国20个城市群数字普惠金融发展时空演化特征及其对高质量发展的效应进行了分析,研究发现:(1)从总体发展水平看,中国城市群数字普惠金融发展水平呈上升趋势,且发展差异逐渐缩小;从城市群空间组织格局看,数字普惠金融发展水平呈现“国家级>区域性>地区性”城市群逐级递减态势;从群内差异看,国家级城市群群内差异最大,地区性城市群差异最小。(2)中国城市群数字普惠金融具有空间集聚特征,集聚类型以HH、LL型为主,且空间分布与高质量发展格局具有相似性。(3)实证研究表明,数字普惠金融在城市群空间尺度下对高质量发展的正向效应显著,且直接效应大于间接效应;空间效应具有明显异质性,国家级城市群的效应高于其他城市群。因此,对数字普惠金融助力城市群高质量发展需因“群”施策,应针对不同层级城市群数字普惠金融发展提出相应策略以助力城市群引领中国经济高质量发展。

On the basis of exploring the theoretical relationship between digital financial inclusion and high-quality development,this paper uses the Dagum Gini coefficient,spatial autocorrelation,and spatial Durbin model to analyze the evolution characteristics of digital financial inclusion in 20 urban agglomerations of China from 2011 to 2021 and its impact on high-quality development.The effect of development was analyzed,and the research found that:(1) In terms of overall level,the development of digital financial inclusion in Chinese urban agglomerations shows an upward trend,and their disparities are gradually narrowing.From the perspective of the spatial organization pattern of urban agglomerations,the digital financial inclusion presents a decreasing trend from national-evel,regional-level,to local-level.In terms of intra-cluster differences,the national-level city clusters have the largest differences,while the local city clusters have the smallest.(2) The digital financial inclusion of urban agglomerations in China has the characteristics of spatial agglomeration,and the agglomeration types are mainly HH and LL types.This pattern of concentration is remarkably aligned with the spatial attributes associated with high-quality development.(3) The empirical findings reveal that in urban agglomerations,digital financial inclusion exerts a substantial positive influence on high-quality development,with its direct impact surpassing the indirect consequences.This direct impact reflects the immediate benefits of digital finance in enhancing economic activities and fostering growth.Moreover,there is a notable heterogeneity in the spatial effects of this phenomenon.Specifically,the influence on national-level urban agglomerations is more pronounced compared to other urban clusters.This disparity suggests that national-level urban areas,with their advanced infrastructure and greater economic dynamism,are better positioned to leverage the advantages of digital financial inclusion.This leads to a more significant and measurable enhancement in their development quality compared to other less developed urban agglomerations.Therefore,for digital financial inclusion to effectively contribute to the highquality development of urban agglomerations,strategies need to be tailored to specific clusters.It is essential to develop targeted strategies for urban agglomerations at different levels to aid in leading China's economy towards high-quality development.This approach acknowledges the unique characteristics and needs of each urban agglomeration,ensuring that the development of digital financial inclusion is aligned with regional development goals,thereby fostering a more balanced and sustainable economic growth across the nation.