不同种植密度与灌溉定额对盐地碱蓬生长及吸盐量的影响

Effects of Different Planting Density and Irrigation Quota on the Growth of Suaeda salsa

为了探究不同灌溉定额与种植密度对盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)生长及吸盐量的影响,采用双因素试验设计[灌溉定额分别为2500 m^(3)·hm^(-2)(W1)、3500 m^(3)·hm^(-2)(W2)和4500 m^(3)·hm^(-2)(W3),盐地碱蓬种植密度分别为20株·m^(-2)(D1)、60株·m^(-2)(D2)、120株·m^(-2)(D3)]比较分析盐地碱蓬株高、茎粗、蓬径等生长指标和吸盐量对不同处理的响应。结果表明:灌溉水量和种植密度对盐地碱蓬生长、生物量、吸盐量和水分利用效率均有显著影响,两者交互效应极其显著;灌溉水量提高对盐地碱蓬株高、茎粗、蓬径具有促进作用,种植密度增加则对盐地碱蓬生长具有抑制作用,两者协调整体效益提高;W2D2的盐地碱蓬生物量最高,达到了24.02 t·hm^(-2),较W1D2和W3D2处理分别提高了33.84%和11.16%;W2D2吸盐量较W1D2和W3D2分别提高了16.48%和29.32%;W1D2处理的水分利用效率最高,较W2D2和W3D2处理分别提高了4.60%和49.50%。基于空间分析法的多目标优化,确定干旱区盐地碱蓬适宜灌溉定额为3227.77~3484.69 m^(3)·hm^(-2),适宜种植密度为50.34~83.27株·m^(-2)。

In order to explore the effects of different irrigation quotas and planting densities on the growth and salt uptake of Suaeda salsa,a two factor experimental design was adopted in this study.The irrigation quotas were 2500 m 3·hm^(-2)(W1),3500 m 3·hm^(-2)(W2),and 4500 m 3·hm^(-2)(W3),respectively.The planting densities of Suaeda salsa were 20 plants·m^(-2)(D1),60 plants·m^(-2)(D2),and 120 plants·m^(-2)(D3).The growth indicators such as plant height,stem diameter,canopy diameter,and salt uptake of different treatments were compared and analyzed.The results showed that irrigation water volume and planting density had a significant impact on the growth,biomass,salt uptake,and water use efficiency of Suaeda salsa,and the interaction effect between the two was significant.The increase in irrigation water volume has a promoting effect on the height,stem diameter,and diameter of Suaeda salsa,while the increase in planting density has an inhibitory effect on the growth of Suaeda salsa.The overall benefits of the two are improved through coordination.The biomass of Suaeda salsa of W2D2 is the highest,reaching 24.02 t·hm^(-2),which is 33.84%and 11.16%higher than that of W1D2 and W3D2 treatments,respectively.The salt absorption of W2D2 increased by 16.48%and 29.32%compared to W1D2 and W3D2,respectively.The water use efficiency of W1D2 treatment was the highest,increased by 4.60%and 49.50%compared to W2D2 and W3D2 treatments,respectively.Based on multi-objective optimization using spatial analysis method,the irrigation quota of Suaeda salsa in arid areas was determined to be 3227.77~3484.69 m 3·hm^(-2),and the planting density was 50.34~83.27 plants·m^(-2).