内卷的经济学分析及治理措施

Economic Analysis of Involution and Governance Measures

内卷是由过度竞争所导致的社会资源的过度参与和消耗,其成因是资源的有限性以及创新的不足、规则执行的缺位以及参与者流动能力的不足。庇古税外部效应内部化的原理为内卷税的设计提供了理论依据,内卷税寓禁于征,有利于矫正负外部性,抑制内卷行为。设计了反内卷制度,提出反内卷政策措施,通过税收的惩戒机制、低收入的补贴机制、竞争比例的约束机制和一系列政策措施对内卷行为进行限制。

The paper defines involution as the excessive participation and consumption of social resources caused by excessive competition,and points out that the causes of involution lie in the limited resources and the lack of innovation,the lack of rule enforcement and insufficient mobility of participants.The principle of involution of Pigovian tax′s external effect provides a theoretical basis for the design of involution tax in this paper,which implies prohibition of involution by taxation,which is beneficial to correct negative externalities and restrain involution behavior.This paper designs the anti-involution system and puts forward the anti-involution policies and measures to restrict the behavior of involution through the punishment mechanism of taxation,the subsidy mechanism of low income,the restraint mechanism of competitive proportion and a series of policy measures.