继承与创新:法国鲁贝社会主义者对城市公共卫生的治理(1892-1930)

Heritage and Innovation:The French Roubaix Socialists'Governance of Urban Public Health(1892-1930)

19世纪末期被盖得赞誉为“社会主义圣城”的鲁贝是社会主义者治理城市的代表。当社会主义者入驻鲁贝的市政厅以后,他们从工人阶级的住房和城市的街道入手,改善城市居民的住房环境和街道卫生,进一步促进社会正义和缓解社会矛盾。通过鲁贝社会主义者对城市公共卫生的治理的考察,我们能发现他们在共和党人制定的有关公共卫生政策的基础上,采取了一系列创新性的措施;另外他们的公共卫生治理实践受到了社会主义政党市政纲领的指导,蕴含一定的“社会主义要素”,在一定程度上宣传了社会主义并且让社会主义者在市政选举中获得更多选民的支持。

Roubaix,which Jules Guesde praised as the“Holy City of Socialism”at the end of the 19th century,was a representative of socialist governance of the city.When the socialists moved into the city hall of Roubaix,they began to improve the housing environment and street sanitation of the city residents by focusing on the housing of the working class and the streets of the city,thus further promoting social justice and alleviating social conflicts.Through Roubaix socialists'management of the city's public health,we can see on one hand that they took a series of innovative measures based on their Republican predecessors public health policies:On the other hand,their sanitation practices were guided by the socialist party's municipal program,which contained certain“socialist elements”that to a certain extent propagated socialism and solidified the election of socialists at the municipal level.