不同播种方式与施肥水平对青稞光合特性及产量构成的影响

Effects of different sowing methods and fertilization levels on photosynthetic characteristics and yield composition of highland barley

为探明甘青系列青稞品种在等量施肥条件下对宽幅匀播和常规条播的响应机制,试验采用播种方式与施肥水平二因素随机区组设计。共设置2种播种方式和5个施肥水平,合计10个处理。结果表明:常规条播能够提高甘青9号基本苗、分蘖数、株高指标,而宽幅匀播可增加甘青9号穗长。宽幅匀播能够整体提高甘青9号旗叶净光合速率和气孔导度,降低胞间二氧化碳浓度,反之,常规条播降低了甘青9号旗叶蒸腾速率。相比于常规条播,宽幅匀播能够有效提高甘青9号产量、穗粒数、穗粒重及千粒重,而有效穗则是常规条播高于宽幅匀播。综上,在等肥条件下,宽幅匀播能够明显提升甘青9号穗粒数和千粒重,增加产量,利于旗叶光合吸收与合成。

In order to explore the response mechanism of Ganqing series barley varieties to wide and uniform sowing and conventional strip sowing under the same fertilization conditions,a two-factor random block design of sowing method and fertilization level was used in this experiment.A total of 2 sowing methods and 5 fertilization levels were set,for a total of 10 treatments.The results showed that conventional strip sowing could increase the basic seedlings,tiller number and plant height of Ganqing 9,while wide and uniform sowing could increase the panicle length of Ganqing 9.Wide and uniform sowing could increase the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of the leaves of Ganqing 9 and reduce the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration,while conventional strip sowing reduced the transpiration rate of Ganqing 9 leaves.Compared with conventional strip sowing,wide and uniform sowing could effectively increase the yield,grain number per spike,grain weight per spike and 1000-grain weight of Ganqing 9,while effective spike sowing was higher in conventional strip sowing than wide and uniform sowing.In conclusion,under the condition of equal fertilizer,wide and uniform sowing could significantly increase the number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight,increase the yield,and facilitate the photosynthetic absorption and synthesis of flag leaves.