数字技术能否缩小区域制造业全要素生产率差距

Can Digital Technology Narrow the Regional Manufacturing Total Factor Productivity Gap

缩小制造业全要素生产率差距是推动区域协调发展和区域制造业高质量发展的重要内容。数字技术的研发及应用在为制造业全要素生产率增长提供重要动力的同时,也影响着我国制造业全要素生产率的区域差距。利用我国2014-2022年省级面板数据,以适宜性技术进步和技术扩散理论为核心,系统剖析数字技术空间溢出对区域制造业全要素生产率差距的影响,以及数字经济发展水平和科技资源禀赋两大约束条件对数字技术和区域制造业全要素生产率差距之间关系的影响,结果发现:从整体上看,数字技术发展有利于缩小区域制造业全要素生产率差距,数字技术的空间溢出加速了区域间制造业全要素生产率的趋同;从机制上看,数字技术空间后向溢出对区域制造业全要素生产率差距缩小的贡献效果强于前向溢出的效果。当数字技术水平相对较高时,数字技术通过技术扩散缩小了区域制造业全要素生产率差距;当数字技术水平相对较低时,数字技术通过技术扩散扩大了区域制造业全要素生产率差距;当区域创新要素禀赋相似时,数字技术通过技术扩散对区域制造业全要素生产率差距缩小的贡献程度更强。

Narrowing the gap of total factor productivity in the manufacturing industry is an important part of promoting regional coordinated development and high-quality development of regional manufacturing.The R&D and application of digital technology not only provide an important impetus for the growth of total factor productivity in the manufacturing industry,but also affect the gap of total factor productivity in China's regional manufacturing industry.Based on the provincial panel data of China from 2014 to 2022,with the theory of appropriate technological progress and technology diffusion as the core,this paper systematically analyzes the impact of digital technology spatial spillover on the total factor productivity gap of the regional manufacturing industry,and discusses the impact of the two constraints of digital economy development level and scientific and technological resource endowment on the relationship between digital technology and the total factor productivity gap of the manufacturing industry.The results show that,from an overall perspective,the development of digital technology is conducive to narrowing the gap of regional manufacturing total factor productivity,and the spatial spillover of digital technology accelerates the convergence of manufacturing total factor productivity.From the perspective of mechanism,the backward spatial spllover of digital technology contributes more significantly to the reduction of regional total factor productivity gap than the forward spilover.When the level of digital technology is relatively high,digital technology narrows the total factor productivity gap of the provincial manufacturing industry through technology diffusion;when the level of digital technology is relatively low,digital technology expands the total factor productivity gap of the provincial manufacturing industry through technology diffusion;when regional innovation factor endowments are similar,digital technology contributes more to the narrowing of regional manufacturing total factor productivity gap through technology diffusion.