空间位移下宋代女性文学的拓展与新变

The Expansion and New Changes of Women's Literature in the Song Dynasty under Spatial Displacement

空间经验对文学表达具有重要的基础性意义。在严分内外的传统性别秩序与空间格局下,空间位移对宋代女性文学的发展产生重要影响。宋代女性作家除了短距离的日常出游外,长时间、远距离的行旅活动普遍增多,主要包括因战乱而流动、随亲流动、因日常生计而流动等。空间位移是宋代女性获得非日常空间经验的重要途径,不仅给宋代女性带来深刻丰富的异域体验,还为其文学创作增添了异质资源,促使古代女性文学由“中世”向“近世”转型,主要表现在:空间位移引起宋代女性身份由主体到客体转换,地方意识由念远到怀乡觉醒,文学视野由单一到多元拓展,宋代女性文学因此而深化了创作的情感深度,拓展了文学主题的广度,提升了文学的思想高度。

Spatial experience has important basic significance for literary expression.Under the traditional gender order and spatial pattern that strictly separated inside and outside,spatial displacement had an important influence on the development of female literature in the Song Dynasty.In addition to short-distance daily travel,female writers in the Song Dynasty generally increased their long-term and long-distance travel activities,mainly including travel due to war,travel with family,travel for daily livelihood,etc.Spatial displacement was an important way for females in the Song Dynasty to obtain non-daily spatial experience.It not only brought profound and rich foreign experiences to females in the Song Dynasty,but also added heterogeneous resources to their literary creations,promoting the transformation of ancient females'literature from"medieval"to"modern",mainly manifested in spatial displacement caused the transformation of females'identity from subject to object in the Song Dynasty,the awakening of local consciousness from missing the place faraway to missing the hometown,and the expansion of literary vision from single to multiple.As a result,the literature of the Song Dynasty deepened the emotional depth of creation,expanded the breadth of literary themes,and enhanced the ideological height of literature.