相控阵快速波束控制算法设计与FPGA实现

Design and FPGA Implementation of Phased Array Fast Beam Control Algorithm

相控阵天线的电扫描特性使其具有扫描灵活、指向精确、可靠性高和抗干扰能力强等特点,其实现波束快速扫描、波束形状快速变化、同时多波束快速形成能力的关键技术之一是波束控制技术。针对多波束多阵元波束控制快速响应的需求,对常规单波束控制算法进行分解和优化,提出单波束内基于截断归一化的流水线设计算法、多波束并行计算方法,来进行移相控制码计算。该算法完成单波束内N个阵元的移相码计算仅需(N+12)T(其中T为系统工作时钟的周期,典型值为8 ns),可快速计算各天线阵元所需移相控制码。所提方法较传统单波束移相控制码计算方法时间缩短一个数量级以上,并已在FPGA上得到实际验证与应用。

The electrical scanning characteristics of phased array antennas enable them to have characteristics such as flexible scanning,precise pointing,high reliability,and strong anti-inter-ference ability.One of the key technologies to achieve rapid beam scanning,rapid changes in beam shape,and the ability to form multiple beams simultaneously is beam control technology.Aiming at the requirements of fast response of multi-beam and multi-element beam control,con-ventional single beam control algorithms are decomposed and optimized.A pipeline design algo-rithm based on truncation normalization and a multi-beam parallel calculation method are pro-posed for phase shift control code calculation within a single beam.Only(N+12)T is needed to complete the phase shift code calculation of N array elements in a single beam,where T is the cy-cle of the system̓s working clock,and the typical value is 8 ns.The phase shift control code can be quickly calculated which is required by each antenna array element.The proposed method shortens the calculation time by more than one order of magnitude compared to traditional single beam phase shift control code methods,and has been verified and applied in practice on FPGA.