基于多源数据融合的可持续发展目标监测与评估研究进展

Research Progress of Monitoring and Evaluation of Sustainable Development Goals Based on Multisource Data

2015年联合国《2030年可持续发展议程》提出了17个可持续发展目标(SDGs)。国内外学者正持续开展SDGs监测评估研究,数据缺失和指标监测能力不足等问题被认为是当前制约SDGs常态化监测评估的重要因素。为了应对这些问题,需要加强指标的监测能力和数据获取能力。综合应用多源数据开展SDGs监测评估研究可有效弥补上述不足,并逐渐成为了国内外学术界的研究热点。相关研究工作可以归纳为3类:第一类研究侧重于讨论基于多源数据的SDGs监测评估基础理论和方法体系;第二类研究主要开展基于多源数据的SDGs监测评估案例研究;第三类研究和实践的重点是加强多源数据相关的基础能力建设。通过对比基于多源数据的研究案例和常规研究案例中所使用的指标类型差异,探讨多源数据的应用前景。结果表明,多源数据的应用可以加强对自然生态系统的评价、识别需要重点关注的地区、分析人与自然的交互作用、强化空间分析能力,可以有效弥补数据缺失等不足,并且提高指标数据的及时性和时空分辨率,可以极大地丰富SDGs的评价指标体系。未来可以从4个方面加强多源数据在SDGs监测评估中的应用:拓展多源数据在SDGs中的应用范围、促进多学科交叉和综合研究、在国家可持续发展议程创新示范区中试点多源数据的应用以及强化多源数据相关基础能力建设。

In 2015,the“2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”(2030 ASD),adopted by the United Nations,set 17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).Scholars worldwide have conducted continuous research on the monitoring and evaluation of SDGs.Data deficiency and inadequate index monitoring abilities are considered vital restrictions in the regular monitoring and evaluation of SDGs.The application of Multisource Data to the monitoring and evaluation of SDGs can effectively address these deficiencies.Research progress on SDGs based on Multisource Data can be categorized into three types:the first type focuses on the basic theory and method system of SDG monitoring and evaluation based on Multisource Data;The second type conducts SDG monitoring and evaluation case studies based on Multisource Data;The third type focuses on strengthening the primary capacity building related to Multisource Data.The application of multisource data can strengthen the evaluation of natural ecosystems,identify critical areas,analyze the interaction between humans and nature,effectively compensate for the lack of data and other deficiencies,and improve the timeliness and spatial and temporal resolution of indicator data,which can significantly enrich the evaluation index system of the SDGs.This study proposes to strengthen the application of Multisource Data in the study of SDGs from four aspects:to expand the application of Multisource Data in the SDGs,promote interdisciplinary and comprehensive research,pilot the application of Multisource Data in the national innovation-driven demonstration zone for implementing the UN's 2030 ASD,and strengthen the primary capacity building of Multisource Data.