玉磨铁路新平隧道突涌致灾机理及措施响应研究

Research on Disaster Mechanism of Mud-water Gushing and Measures in Xinping Tunnel of Yuxi-Mohan Railway

为查明玉磨铁路新平隧道突涌的致灾机制,结合隧道现场灾害特征,基于地形地貌、地层岩性、地质构造、水文地质、气候条件、施工措施等因素,探讨了突涌的致灾机理,归纳总结了隧道突涌的致灾类型,提出了相应的灾害防控措施。软岩隧道强度低、变形大,设计围岩级别与揭示不匹配等因素对隧道灾变的发生至关重要,特殊的构造环境及地下水等因素助推了灾变的发生;依据致灾成因,将该隧道致灾类型分为:构造-岩性-富水-施工措施,构造-岩性-弱水-施工措施,岩性-富水-施工措施等3种类型,并提出了相应的防治措施;施工过程中,需明确可能致灾的几类因素,加强超前地质预报、监控量测、开挖揭示比对等工作,掌控灾害源的发展及规模,动态调整隧道致灾的类型,针对性地采取防控措施,确保隧道施工安全。

In order to find out the disaster-causing mechanism such as mud inrush and water inrush in Xinping Tunnel of Yuxi-Mohan Railway,combined with the disaster characteristics of the tunnel site,based on factors such as topography,stratum lithology,geological structure,hydrogeology,climatic conditions and construction factors,the disaster-causing mechanism of inrush was discussed,and the disaster-causing types of tunnel inrush were summarized,and the corresponding disaster prevention and control measures were put forward.The soft rock tunnel has low strength and large deformation.The factors such as the mismatch between the design surrounding rock level and the revelation are very important to the breeding of the tunnel disaster.The special tectonic environment and groundwater promote the occurrence of the disaster.According to the causes of disaster,the disaster types of the tunnel are divided into three types:structure-lithology-rich water-construction measures,structure-lithology-weak water-construction measures,lithology-rich water-construction measures,and the corresponding prevention and control measures are put forward.In the construction process,it is necessary to clarify several types of factors that may cause disasters,strengthen advanced geological prediction,monitoring and measurement,excavation and revealing comparison,control the development and scale of disaster sources,dynamically adjust the types of tunnel disasters,and take targeted prevention and control measures to ensure the safety of tunnel construction.