无分叉颈动脉一例并文献复习

Non-bifurcating cervical carotid artery:a case report and literature review

无分叉颈动脉是一种极其少见的颈动脉解剖变异,可能与胚胎期颈内动脉和颈外动脉的发育异常有关。颈部血管超声表现为颈动脉分叉水平未见明显膨大和分叉结构,DSA显示为颈动脉分叉水平无分叉结构,可见“残端样”改变,目前国内外研究报道不多。该研究报道1例无分叉颈动脉患者,中年男性,因头晕1个月就诊,既往有2型糖尿病、高血压病,住院后脑血管造影证实为左侧无分叉颈动脉伴右侧颈内动脉重度狭窄,经支架置入术及降压控糖治疗后症状缓解出院。结合该例临床资料及文献复习对无分叉颈动脉进行分析,旨在提高临床医师尤其是影像诊断医师对无分叉颈动脉的认识,避免误诊漏诊及相关并发症的发生。

Non-bifurcating cervical carotid artery(NBCCA)is a very rare anatomical variation of the cervical carotid artery,which may be related to the abnormal development of internal carotid artery(ICA)and external carotid artery in embryonic period.Neither carotid bulb nor a true carotid bifurcation can be observed on the ultrasound of carotid artery while a“stump-like”change was showed at the expected bifurcation level of carotid artery on DSA.Few cases has been reported in China and abroad so far.This article reported a middle-aged male with a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes and was admitted to the hospital due to dizziness for one month.The left NBCCA accompanied with severe stenosis of the right ICA was confirmed by cerebral angiography.The patient received the right ICA stent implantation surgery as well as antihypertensive and glucose-control treatment and was discharged as his symptoms improved.Clinical data of this case and related literatures were reviewed,in order to improve clinicians‘especially imaging diagnostic physicians’understanding on NBCCA to avoid misdiagnosis and related complications.