骨髓脂肪细胞因子与骨髓增生异常综合征的相关性研究

Study on the correlation between bone marrow adipocytokines and myelodysplastic syndromes

目的:研究骨髓脂肪细胞因子与骨髓增生异常综合征(myelodysplastic syndromes,MDS)发生、进展及预后的关系。方法:回顾性分析2020年2月至2022年2月郑州大学附属肿瘤医院治疗的采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测的72例MDS和16例MDS继发急性髓系白血病(secondary acute myeloid leukemia,sAML)患者骨髓上清液中的脂肪细胞因子,包括脂联素(adiponectin,ADP)、瘦素(leptin,LEP)、内脏脂肪素(nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase,NAMPT)、降脂素(complement factor D,CFD)和人补体C1q肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白1(C1q/TNF-related protein 1,CTRP1)。对其中70例患者采用高通量测序靶向检测78种血液肿瘤相关基因,分析脂肪细胞因子与患者临床特征、疾病亚型、异常基因和预后等的关系。结果:临床特征相关结果显示,男性ADP和LEP水平分别较女性显著降低(P=0.027,P=0.019);年龄<65岁患者的ADP、CFD和NAMPT水平较年龄≥65岁患者显著降低(P=0.020,P<0.001,P=0.021),而LEP水平显著升高(P=0.043);体质量指数(BMI)<24 kg/m^(2)患者ADP水平较BMI≥24 kg/m^(2)患者显著升高(P=0.025),而LEP水平显著降低(P=0.020);原始细胞升高组的NAMPT水平较无原始细胞升高组显著升高(P=0.037);MDS组的CTRP1水平较sAML组显著升高(P=0.010)。异常基因相关分析显示,CTRP1水平的升高与表观遗传相关异常基因的发生呈正相关(P=0.001),与TET2和U2AF1的发生呈正相关(P<0.001,P=0.036);ADP和CFD水平分别与NPM1的发生呈正相关(P=0.048,P=0.026)。多因素Cox回归生存分析显示,LEP<0.2 ng/mL是MDS患者无进展生存期(progression-free survival,PFS)和总生存期(overall survival,OS)的独立危险因素(P=0.002,P<0.001),而NAMPT<2.1 ng/mL是MDS患者PFS的保护因素(P=0.043)。结论:骨髓微环境中脂肪细胞因子与MDS患者一般特征、基因突变以及预后密切相关,其中LEP<0.2 ng/mL是MDS患者独立的预后危险因素,而NAMPT<2.1 ng/mL是预后保护因素。

Objective:To explore the relationship between adipocytokine levels in bone marrow and the onset,progression,and prognosis of myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS).Methods:Retrospective analysis of adipocytokine levels in the bone marrow of 72 patients with MDS and 16 patients with MDS-related secondary acute myeloid leukemia(sAML),including adiponectin(ADP),leptin(LEP),visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase(NAMPT),adipsin/complement factor D(CFD),and C1q/TNF-related protein 1(CTRP1),detected by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)at The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University from February 2020 to February 2022.Highthroughput sequencing was used to detect MDS-related genes in 70 patients and the relationship between adipocytokines and the clinical characteristics,disease subtypes,mutant genes,and prognosis of patients were analyzed.Seventy-eight MDS-related genes were identified.Results:Clinical characteristics showed that ADP(P=0.027)and LEP(P=0.019)levels were significantly lower in men than inwomen;ADP(P=0.020),CFD(P<0.001),and NAMPT(P=0.021)levels were significantly lower in patients aged<65 years than in patients aged≥65,whereas LEP levels were significantly higher(P=0.043).Adiponectin levels were significantly higher in patients with BMI<24 than in patients with BMI≥24(P=0.025),whereas LEP levels were significantly lower(P=0.020);NAMPT levels were significantly higher in the group with increased blasts than in the group with no blasts(P=0.037).The CTRP1 levels were significantly higher in the MDS group than in the sAML group(P=0.010).Abnormal gene correlation analysis showed that elevated CTRP1 levels were positively correlated with the occurrence of epigenetically related abnormal genes(P=0.001)and were positively correlated with the occurrence of TET2 and U2AF1(P<0.001 and P=0.036,respectively);ADP and CFD levels were positively correlated with the occurrence of NPM1(P=0.048 and P=0.026,respectively).Multifactorial Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that LEP<0.2 ng/mL was an independent risk factor for progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival in patients with MDS(P=0.002 and P<0.001,respectively),whereas NAMPT<2.1 ng/mL was a protective factor for PFS in patients with MDS(P=0.043).Conclusions:Adipocytokines in the bone marrow microenvironment are closely associated with the clinical characteristics,gene mutations,and prognosis of patients with MDS,with LEP<0.2 ng/mL being an independent prognostic risk factor and NAMPT<2.1 ng/mL being a prognostic protective factor.