农民动员机制构建与冀鲁豫抗日根据地的基层治理

The Construction of Mobilization Mechanism for Peasants and the Grassroots Governance of Hebei,Shandong and Henan Resistance Base Areas

全面抗战初期,中共借助抗日救国会、政治训练处和动员委员会等统一战线机构组织民众,自上而下整理群团系统,强化了乡绅、地主和农民干部的力量,调动各阶层抗战热情.1940年代遭受日本“治安强化运动”和自然灾害冲击后,中共派遣政民工作队,开展民主民生运动,组建贫佃雇农代表会和农民联合会,削弱和打击农村地主势力.此后适时转入生产运动,引导农民建立互助组和合作社,稳定了农村社会的基本秩序.中共构建农民动员机制,推动了冀鲁豫边区基层社会阶层变动和农民日常生活的变迁,在现代性与乡土性的交织中重构了农民的乡村图景.

At the beginning of the total war of resistance against Japan,the Communist Party of China organized a series of organizations of united front to mobilize the public such as the National Salvation Society for the Resistance of Japanese Aggression,the Political Training Office and the Mobilization Committee,which reorganized the mass organizations from top to bottom,strengthened the power of squires,landlords and peasant cadres,and promoted the enthusiasm of all sectors of the society for the resistance against Japan s invasion.In the 1940s,with the impact of the Japanese“Security Intensification Campaign”and natural disasters,the CPC sent a government-civilian working team to carry out the movement for democracy and people s livelihood,established the representative committee of poor peasants and peasants federation to weaken and fight against the forces of landlords.Then the CPC timely turned to the production movement,guided the peasants to set up groups of mutual support and production cooperatives,which stabilized the basic order of rural society.The CPC constructed a mechanism for mobilizing the peasants,which promoted the change of social strata and farmers daily life in the border area of Hebei,Shandong and Henan,and reconstructed the rural landscape of the peasants in the interweaving of modernity and localism.