数智乡村赋能乡村振兴的机理、困境与路径

The Mechanism,Dilemma and Path of“Digital Smart Countryside”Empowering Rural Revitalization

数智乡村以乡村产业数智化、乡村治理现代化、乡村生活智慧化、农业农村现代化为整体框架,将数字化和智能化发展理念贯穿于乡村各领域与全过程,数字化和信息技术手段等要素内嵌于乡村振兴发展的各个阶段。基于此,以陕西省为例,通过对陕南、陕北、关中等地的实地调研发现,地区间乡村数字基建水平差异、乡村数据信息体系不完善、乡村数智服务平台作用发挥不充分、一些地区乡村产业发展基础薄弱,数智农业应用水平滞后、数智乡村人才队伍薄弱、乡村居民信息化意识不足等问题严重制约了数智乡村的发展与乡村全面振兴的推进。由此从建立智慧农业示范基地带动全区域农业现代化发展、建设数智乡村发展数据信息体系、搭建数智化乡村发展新平台、加强数智化农村基础设施建设、加强数字技术人才培养、加强农村居民数字化意识等六个层面助力提升我国数智乡村赋能乡村全面振兴与高质量发展。

The construction of digital and intelligent rural areas is an important lever in the rural revitalization strategy,which takes integrity and intelligence as the logical direction and proposes new thinking and practical models for the construction of rural modernization.It is of great significance for promoting agricultural modernization and high-quality rural development.The article is based on the problems in the current rural revitalization in China regarding digital intelligence infrastructure and its application.Taking Shaanxi Province as an example,it points out that there are weak foundations for rural industrial development,lagging levels of digital intelligence agricultural application,imperfect rural data information system,insufficient role of rural digital intelligence service platforms,significant regional differences in digital infrastructure level,and weak talent teams in the construction of“digital intelligence rural”Problems such as insufficient digital awareness among rural residents.At the same time,it was found that rural residents are more inclined to evaluate the development effectiveness of digital rural areas from the perspectives of medical security and elderly care services;The current digital rural construction focuses more on the digital transformation of traditional infrastructure;The current constraints on the construction of digital intelligent rural areas are industries,technical talents,and investment funds;Improving the education level of rural residents has a significant impact on the construction of smart rural areas.Based on this,it is proposed to assist China’s“digital and intelligent countryside”in empowering rural revitalization and high-quality development from six aspects:establishing a smart agriculture demonstration base to drive the modernization of agriculture in the entire region,building a data information system for digital and intelligent rural development,building a new platform for digital and intelligent rural development,strengthening the construction of digital and intelligent rural infrastructure,strengthening the cultivation of digital technology talents,and creating a cultural atmosphere for digital and intelligent rural areas to enhance villagers’digital awareness.