论著作权对象认定的范式转换

Paradigm Shift in Determining the Subject Matter of Copyright

受历史因素影响,现行法对作品的认定采用了以独创性结果为核心的结果论范式。这种认定范式仅关注事实层面客观结果的表现形态是否具有独创性,未能从规范层面证成著作权的对象。究其根源,在于忽视了创作对于作品的内在规定性意义及其在著作权制度中的规范价值。从创作行为出发可以弥补结果论认定范式的不足,实现从独创性结果到著作权对象的转变。创作行为与独创性结果分别立足于规范层面与事实层面,统一于著作权对象认定之中。构建包含行为、意志、结果、因果关系等要件的“行为―结果”一体论认定范式,有利于争议解决,促进著作权对象认定范式的规范化和体系化。

Due to historical factors,the current law adopts a paradigm centered on original results for determining the subject matter of copyright.However,it solely focuses on whether the manifestation of objective results at the factual level aligns with originality,but fails to verify the subject matter of copyright from a normative level.The underling issue with this result-oriented paradigm stems from the inherent regulatory significance of creative acts for works and their normative value in the copyright system.Starting from creative acts can address the limitations of result-oriented paradigm and facilitate the transformation from original results to the subject matter of copyright.Creative acts and original results are based on normative and factual aspects respectively,and unified in the recognition of the subject matter of copyright.Constructing a paradigm of"actsresults"integration that includes elements such as acts,will,results,and causal relationship,will aid in dispute resolution and advance the standardization and systematization of the subject matter of copyright recognition.