从开国功臣群体看耶律阿保机建国策略

Analysis of Yeh-lu A-pao-chi's State-building Strategy from the Perspective of the Founding Members

开国功臣群体是协助辽太祖耶律阿保机建立国家和巩固政权的重要力量。依靠不断强化、扩张心腹团体,阿保机成功平定由部落显贵联合发动的诸弟之乱,进而成为集权君主。此后,他又通过外派心腹团体成员及强化与心腹团体成员间君臣关系的方式,进一步完成契丹社会由前国家形态向君主集权国家的转变。开国功臣群体的形成、特征与身分转变,反映出阿保机通过心腹团体建立国家的重要策略。开国功臣中的21名代表人物,在辽太宗天显年间获得“辽太祖佐命功臣”称号。

The group of founding members formed by Yeh-lu A-pao-chi(T'aistu)played a pivotal role in the establishment of the Khitan Empire and the consolidation of its royalty.In order to establish full control of political power,A-pao-chi took several significant steps.By strengthening and expanding the group's forces,he effectively quelled the"Brothers'Revolt"initiated by the tribal elite,which rendered him an emperor in possession of despotic power.After that,he further accelerated the transformation of Khitan society from pre-state to despotic state by dispatching group members to other places and reinforcing his relationship with those members.Thus the strategy adopted by A-pao-chi in the establishment of his dynasty via a trusted group of official is evident in the construction,features and identity transformation of the group.The strategy was continued in later times,21 figures representative of the group were awarded the title"Zuominggongchen",the cofounders of the Liao Dynasty,during Tianxian period of T'ai-tsung's reign.