《民法典》体系化视野下的夫妻忠诚协议

The Loyalty Agreement between Couples under the Systematic Perspective of the Civil Code

随着《民法典》以及司法解释的出台,实务部门在审理忠诚协议案件中“同案不同判”的问题并没有消解。面对忠诚协议是否有效的质疑,体系化视角审视《民法典》总则编、婚姻家庭编、合同编、侵权责任编以及人格权编的内在关联,可以发现忠诚协议在违约之诉与离婚诉讼中仍具有适法空间。在明晰忠诚协议有效之前提条件与除外情形基础上,探讨其参照适用合同编单独起诉之路径及离婚诉讼中证据辅助之功能,实务部门可以结合《民法典》各编原则性规范与具体性内容,对违约金、财产分配以及精神损害赔偿等主张作出合理的自由裁量。

With the promulgation of the Civil Code and judicial interpretation,the problem of "different judgments in the same case" in the trial of loyalty agreement cases has not been solved.Facing the question of whether the loyalty agreement is valid,this paper examines the internal relations among the general provisions,marriage and family,contract,tort liability and personality rights of the Civil Code from a systematic perspective,and finds that the loyalty agreement still has room for application in breach of contract and divorce proceedings.On the basis of clarifying the preconditions and exceptions of the validity of loyalty agreement,this paper discusses the path of separate prosecution by referring to the applicable contract and the function of evidence assistance in divorce proceedings.The judiciary can make reasonable discretion on the claims of liquidated damages,property distribution and compensation for mental damages in combination with the principles and specific contents of the Civil Code.