中国专业镇建设用地景观格局演变及其扩张驱动机制研究

Landscape pattern evolution and expansion driving mechanism of construction land in special towns in China

专业镇的高质量发展对于提升就地城镇化水平和落实乡村振兴战略具有重要意义.探究专业镇建设用地的演变特征及区域差异,有助于理解镇域国土空间的均衡可持续发展趋势.该文借助景观格局指数批量化测算模型与Tobit回归分析方法等,考察分析1985—2020年中国专业镇建设用地的景观格局指数变化及其扩张驱动机制.结果表明:涵盖东北和华东的“第一象限区”是中国专业镇的主要集聚区,而以华南和西南为主的“第四象限区”为次集聚区;各地区专业镇建设用地规模总体呈不断增长态势,但“十三五”期间的增速明显减缓;专业镇建设用地的景观聚合度和景观形状指数均有所上升,表明其建设空间不断趋向融合和集聚,但同时也存在无序蔓延的风险.此外,专业镇建设用地扩张的主导驱动因子具有显著的地域性,其中镇域人口密度、县域城镇固定资产投资额和区域路网密度等变量均表现为正向驱动.

Promoting the high-quality development of special towns is of great significance for improving local urbanization level and implementing the rural revitalization strategy.Exploring the evolution characteristics and regional differences of construction land in special towns is helpful to understand the balanced and sustainable development trend of towns.With the help of the batch calculation model of landscape pattern index and Tobit regression analysis method,the landscape pattern change trend and its expansion driving mechanism of construction land in special towns in China during 1985-2020 were explored.The results indicate that the first quadrant covering northeast and east China is the main agglomeration area of special towns in China,while the fourth quadrant mainly in south China and southwest is the secondary agglomeration area.The overall scale of construction land in special towns in all regions has been growing,but the growth rate has slowed significantly during the 13th Five-Year Plan period.The landscape aggregation index and landscape shape index of construction land in special towns in China have increased,indicating that their construction space is constantly integrating and agglomerating,but there is also a risk of disorderly spreading.In addition,the dominant driving factors for the expansion of construction land in special towns have significant regionality,among which the variables such as town population density,county-level urban fixed asset investment and regional road network density all show a positive driving effect.