船舶电站发电原动机技术特点分析及选型研究

该文概要介绍船舶电站及其对发电用原动机的技术要求,相应阐述汽轮机、柴油机及燃气轮机等几类热力发动机的技术特点,重点对几类发动机的技术特点进行对比,并对其在船舶电站发电原动机领域的应用前景及选型进行分析。柴油机工作效率高,无需锅炉和冷凝器等设备,在船舶电站领域有着广泛的应用。无论哪一种船舶,应急发电机组都用柴油机作为原动机。汽轮发电机组运转稳定且功率较高,但由于辅助设备较多,致使工作可靠性较低,因此,为实现快速备航和提高生命力,也需要安装柴油发电机组作为备用机组。燃气轮机具备尺寸小、重量轻的优势,由于技术和经济性等原因,目前除少量军用舰船外,少有民用船舶采用燃气轮发电机组,但考虑到其技术优势,仍有一定的发展前景。

This paper briefly introduces the marine power station and its technical requirements for prime mover for power generation,and accordingly expounds the technical characteristics of several kinds of thermal engines such as steam turbine,diesel engine and gas turbine,with emphasis on the comparison of the technical characteristics of several kinds of engines.its application prospect and type selection in the field of power generation prime mover in marine power station are analyzed.Diesel engine has high working efficiency and does not need equipment such as boilers and condensers,so it is widely used in the field of marine power stations.No matter what kind of ship,the emergency generator set uses diesel engine as the prime mover.The steam turbine generator set operates stably and has a high power,but due to the large number of auxiliary equipment,its working reliability is low.Therefore,in order to achieve rapid standby and improve vitality,it is also necessary to install a diesel generator set as a backup unit.Gas turbines have the advantages of small size and light weight.Due to technical and economic reasons,except for a small number of military ships,gas turbine generator sets are rarely used in civil ships,but considering its technical advantages,there are still certain development prospects.