2023年水污染控制与水资源利用热点回眸

Hot spots of water pollution control and water resource utilization in 2023:An overview

从常规水资源治理和非常规水资源开发角度,回顾了2023年地表水中新污染物防控、地下水资源保护、饮用水安全保障、污水处理降碳增效、废水资源化利用、非常规水源开发及中国水资源保护与利用等方面的全球科技研究热点及亮点工作。分析表明:地表水新污染物防控体系建设聚焦于环境质量标准、污染治理技术的研究,借助现代水文地质学有望提升地下水资源保护水平,新膜技术有助于饮用水安全保障,增效降碳协同发展成为污水处理行业面临的新挑战,农村污水处理与资源化领域在技术的革新、管理的优化和污水的资源化等多个方面取得了实质性成效和研究成果,碳基纳米材料等在环境放射性核素分离领域得到广泛关注,结晶技术是高盐废水零排放的关键技术,新型膜蒸馏技术助推海水淡化技术与工程建设稳步发展,中国治水成就为世界贡献中国智慧、中国方案。

Realizing efficient control of water pollution and green utilization of water resources is a necessary condition for maintaining public health,promoting ecological civilization construction,and promoting sustainable economic and social development.This study reviews and summarizes the global scientific and technological research hotspots in this field in 2023,with highlights on prevention and control of new pollutants in surface water,protection of groundwater resources,safety assurance of drinking water,carbon reduction and efficiency enhancement in sewage treatment,resource utilization of wastewater,development of unconventional water sources,and protection and utilization of water resources in China.Research shows that construction of a new pollution prevention and control system for surface water should focus on the research of environmental quality standards and pollution control technologies.It is expected to improve the protection level of groundwater resources with the help of modern hydrogeology.New membrane technology helps ensure drinking water safety,and the synergistic development of efficiency and carbon reduction has become a new challenge for the sewage treatment industry.In the field of rural sewage treatment and resource utilization,substantial achievements and research results have been made in multiple aspects such as technological innovation,management optimization,and sewage resource utilization.Carbon based nanomaterials and other materials have received widespread attention in the field of environmental radioactive nuclide separation.Crystallization technology is a key technology for zero discharge of high salinity wastewater.New membrane distillation technology can promote the steady development of seawater desalination technology and engineering construction.All these research results have important meanings to the major strategic engineering practices of water resource protection and utilization,as well as water pollution control.