高精料日粮添加芦丁对奶牛血清生化、免疫、抗氧化指标及瘤胃发酵参数的影响

Effects of Rutin on Serum Biochemical,Immune,Antioxidant Indexes and Rumen Fermentation Parameters of Dairy Cows Fed a High Concentrate Diet

试验旨在研究高精料日粮中添加芦丁对奶牛血清生化指标、免疫指标、抗氧化指标及瘤胃发酵参数的影响。采用单因素完全随机设计,将12头健康和泌乳状况相近的荷斯坦泌乳中期奶牛随机分为2组,每组6头。饲喂精粗比为60∶40的高精料日粮,一组诱导奶牛亚急性瘤胃酸中毒(SARA组),另一组在SARA组基础上添加1.8 g/d芦丁(芦丁组)。试验期为75 d,其中预试期15 d,正试期60 d。于正试期第60天晨饲前采集血液和瘤胃液样本,测定血清生化、抗氧化、免疫指标和瘤胃发酵参数。结果表明:与SARA组相比,芦丁组奶牛血清生化指标没有显著变化(P>0.05),血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著提高(P<0.05),血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)有提高趋势(0.05<P<0.10),丙二醛(MDA)含量降低(P>0.05),血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著提高(P<0.05)。与SARA组相比,芦丁组奶牛瘤胃乳酸(LD)含量降低,总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量和pH提高(P>0.05)。综上所述,高精料日粮中添加芦丁能提高瘤胃pH,增强机体抗氧化、免疫能力,在一定程度能缓解SARA对奶牛机体代谢损伤。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of rutin supplemented in a high con-centrate diet on serum biochemical,immune and antioxidant indexes,and rumen fermentation parameters in dairy cows.Twelve healthy Holstein mid-lactation cows with similar lactation status were randomly di-vided into 2 groups with 6 cows in each group by a single-factor completely randomized design.Cows in subacute rumen acidosis(SARA group)were induced by feeding a high-concentrate diet with a concen-trate to forag ratio of 60∶40,and those in rutin group were fed a high-concentrate diet supplemented with 1.8 g(/d·head)rutin.The experiment lasted for 75 days,including 15 days of pre-feeding pe-riod and 60 days of formal trial period.At day 60 of the formal trial period,blood and rumen fluid samples were collected before morning feeding to determine serum biochemical,antioxidant and im-mune indexes,and rumen fermentation param-eters.The results showed as follows:compared with the SARA group,serum biochemical indexes in rutin group were not significantly changecd(P>0.05),serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)content was significantly increased(P<0.05),serum total anti-oxidant capacity(T-AOC)content trended to increase(0.05<P<0.10),molondialdehyde(MDA)content was decreased(P>0.05),serum immune globulin A(IgA)and immune globulin G(IgG)contents were sig-nificantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the SARA group,the ruminal lactic acid(LD)content in the rutin group was decreased,the total volatile fatty acids(TVFA)content was increased,and the pH was increased(P>0.05).In summary,the addition of rutin to high-concentrate diet can increase the ru-men pH,enhance antioxidant and immune capacity of cows,and alleviate the metabolic damage of SARA to dairy cows to a certain extent.