温度变化对肉羊生理生化指标影响研究

Effect of Temperature Change on Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Mutton Sheep

为研究环境温度变化对不同性别和年龄肉羊采食量及生理生化指标的影响。试验选取银川市某肉羊养殖场健康同龄公羊、同期产羔母羊、同期断奶育肥羔羊和同期出生哺乳羔羊各10只,分为公羊组、母羊组、育肥羊组和羔羊组。除哺乳羔羊外,各组试验羊采食饲料营养成分均完全一致。试验期28 d,平均分为4个阶段,试验第1、8、15、22天记录环境温度。试验采用常规测量、ELISA等方法对试验羊采食量、生理及血液生化指标进行测定分析。结果表明:与第1、8天相比,第22天母羊采食量极显著升高(P<0.01);试验羊生理指标温度由试验开始时的31.6℃降至试验结束的29.11℃,与第1、15天相比,第22天母羊呼吸频率极显著降低(P<0.01);与第1、8天相比,第15、22天母羊血清总蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05);第15、22天母羊体温极显著降低(P<0.01);第8、15、22天羔羊呼吸频率极显著降低(P<0.01),第8、15、22天羔羊体温极显著升高(P<0.01),与第1天相比,第15、22天母羊反刍频率显著降低(P<0.05),第1天相比,第15天母羊血清尿素氮含量极显著降低(P<0.01),第22天育肥羊血清皮质醇含量显著降低(P<0.05);与第1天相比,第22天公羊血清皮质醇含量极显著升高(P<0.01)。说明环境温度的持续降低,可改变不同年龄和性别肉羊的生理及血液生化指标,进而影响肉羊养殖效益及健康水平。

In order to study the effects of ambient temperature on feed intake and physiological and bio-chemical indexes of different sex and age mutton sheep in Yinchuan area.Ten healthy RAMS of the same age,ewe lambs at the same time,wean-ing lambs at the same time and lactating lambs at the same time were selected from a meat sheep farm in Yinchuan City and were divided into ram group,ewe group,fattening sheep group and lamb group.The nutritional composition of the feed was consistent in all groups except lactating lambs.The experimental period was from September to October 2022,with a total of 28 days,which was divided into 4 stages on average,and the ambient temperature was recorded on day 1,day 8,day 15 and day 22 of the experiment.Feed intake,physiological and blood biochemical indexes of sheep were measured and analyzed by routine measurement and ELISA.The results show that:the feed intake of ewes on day 22 was significantly higher than that on day 1 and day 8(P<0.01);the temperature at the beginning of the experiment decreased from 31.6℃to 29.11℃at the end of the experiment,and the respiratory rate of ewes on day 22 was significantly lower than that on day 1 and day 15(P<0.01).The body temperature of ewe on day 15 and day 22 was significantly lower than that on day 1 and day 8(P<0.01).Compared with day 1,rumination frequency of ewes on day 15 and 22 was significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with day 1,the respiratory rate of lambs on days 8,15 and 22 was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the body temperature of lambs on days 8,15 and 22 was significantly increased(P<0.01);compared with day 1,the serum total protein content of ewe on day 15 and day 22 was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the serum urea nitrogen content of ewe on day 15 was significantly decreased(P<0.01);compared with day 1,the serum cortisol content of fattening sheep on day 22 was significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with day 1,the serum cortisol content of RAMS on day 22 was significantly increased(P<0.01).The results indicated that the continuous decrease of ambient temperature could change the physi-ological and blood biochemical indexes of meat sheep of different ages and genders,and then affect the breeding efficiency and health level of meat sheep.