智能型10kV开关柜故障检测装置研究

Design and Implementation of a Smart Detector for Faults of 10 kV Switchgears

针对开关柜与手车式断路器接触点由于外部因素出现的放电、温度异常升高,现有技术手段中,继电保护装置无法检测,贴片温度反应膜不能提前预警,超声波检测法难以区分放电和温度异常,测量传感器不能区分故障相及位置。鉴于此,提出了一种基于机器视觉图像识别的接触点状态监测方法并研制了相关装置。设计了基于热敏电阻的温度探测装置,借助机器视觉图像识别系统与温度探测装置构建了开关柜故障在线监测装置。使用电阻、发光二极管、开关柜等元件搭建测试模型进行验证,结果表明所设计的装置能对不同位置的开关柜与手车断路器接触点放电、温度异常升高故障做出正确反应。

External factors can lead to discharge and temperature anomaly at the contact point between switchgear and handcart-type circuit breaker.For this type of faults,current technologies are generally inadequate,as the faults are undetectable by relay protection devices,unprognosable by patch temperature reaction films,undistinguishable between discharge and temperature anomalies by ultrasonic temperature detection,and the faults′phases and locations are also unmeasurable by sensors.In view of this,the present work studied a machine-vision-image-recognition-based method for monitoring the contact point status and developed the relevant devices.First a thermistor-based temperature detection device was designed to identify the abnormal temperature rise.Second an online monitoring device for switchgear faults was constructed using a machine vision image recognition system and a temperature detection device.Experimental results on a test model built using components such as resistors and light-emitting diodes showed that the device can identify discharge and abnormal temperature rise faults at the contact points between switchgear and handcart-type circuit breaker at various positions,and consequently make correct actions.