新时代泉州籍华侨华人和港澳同胞捐资兴学的特点与影响因素

Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Quanzhou Overseas Chinese and Compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao Donating Funds for Education in the New Era

新时代泉州籍华侨华人和港澳同胞捐资兴学具有主体以老侨和港澳同胞为主、规模逐步扩大、流向从“差序格局”走向“团体格局”、捐赠形式呈多元化等特点。捐资兴学在助力侨乡教育高质量发展、形成“人人为善,善为人人”的良好社会风气以及密切海外华侨华人联系等方面发挥了重要作用。泉州捐资兴学活动的兴盛受到多重因素影响,既有捐赠主体造福桑梓、乐善好施、崇文重教的优良传统等主观因素影响、也有政府政策激励及部门引导等重要客观因素的推动。地方政府和侨务部门主要通过宣传落实各项侨捐优惠政策;搭设教育基金会(促进会);活化侨元素,弘扬华侨精神以及加强完善基层侨联组织建设等举措引导捐资兴学。为更好地引导捐资兴学,相关部门需进一步加强政策场域、组织场域和文化场域的构建。

In the new era,Quanzhou overseas Chinese and compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao donate funds for education with the characteristics as the main body of the old overseas Chinese and compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao,the gradual expansion of the scale,the flow from the"differential sequence pattern"to the"pattern of the group",and diversified forms of donations and so on.Donating funds for education has played an important role in boosting the high-quality development of education in overseas Chinese hometowns,forming a good social atmosphere of"all for good,good for all"and close contact with overseas Chinese.Quanzhou donating funds for education is affected by multiple factors,both the subjective factors as the main body of the donation of patriotism and love of the country,charity,the fine tradition of advocating literacy and education,but also objective factors as government policy incentives and departments guide.Local governments and overseas Chinese affairs departments have mainly guided donations for education by publicizing and implementing preferential policies for overseas Chinese donations,setting up education foundations(promotion associations),revitalizing overseas Chinese elements,promoting the spirit of overseas Chinese,and strengthening and improving the construction of grass-roots overseas Chinese associations and other initiatives.In order to better guide donations for education,the relevant departments need to further strengthen the construction of policy,organizational and cultural arenas。