心理干预对产后抑郁的影响

Effect of psychological intervention on postpartum depression

目的探讨心理干预对产后抑郁的影响。方法选取2021年1月至2022年1月于嘉兴市妇幼保健院产科病区住院分娩的产妇250例为研究对象,采用随机对照研究方法,按照随机数字表法分为两组,观察组(n=125)采用心理干预模式,对照组(n=125)采用常规查房指导,比较两组产妇干预前后抑郁情绪[爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分]、焦虑情绪[焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分]变化情况。结果干预前,观察组的EPDS评分为(16.95±4.20)分,SDS评分为(65.83±7.52)分,SAS评分为(61.12±7.59)分,对照组的EPDS评分为(16.62±4.03)分,SDS评分为(64.49±7.98)分,SAS评分为(60.88±7.85)分;出院后7 d,观察组的EPDS评分为(11.54±2.39)分,SDS评分为(51.12±4.62)分,SAS评分为(49.71±4.22)分,对照组的EPDS评分为(15.93±3.87)分,SDS评分为(63.21±6.95)分,SAS评分为(59.65±6.43)分;出院后7 d时,相比较干预前,观察组的EPDS、SDS、SAS评分均明显降低(t=18.35、27.09、21.60,均P<0.001),并且相比较对照组,观察组的EPDS、SDS、SAS评分均明显降低(t=-10.79、-16.19、-14.44,均P<0.001);对照组干预前和出院后7 d EPDS、SDS、SAS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(t=1.95、1.91、1.92,P=0.051、0.056、0.055)。结论心理干预能够有效缓解产妇的产后抑郁和焦虑情绪,值得推广。

Objective To investigate the effect of psychological intervention on postpartum depression.Methods A total of 250 pregnant women who were hospitalized for delivery in the obstetrics ward of Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were included in this randomized controlled study.The patients were randomly assigned to an observation group(n=125)and a control group(n=125)using a random number table.The observation group received psychological intervention,while the control group underwent routine ward rounds.Prior to and after intervention,the levels of depression[assessed by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale(EPDS)score and Self-rating Depression scale(SDS)score]and anxiety[measured by Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)score]were compared between the two groups.Results Before intervention,the EPDS,SDS,and SAS scores in the observation group were(16.95±4.20)points,(65.83±7.52)points,and(61.12±7.59)points,respectively.In the control group,these scores were(16.62±4.03)points,(64.49±7.98)points,and(60.88±7.85)points,respectively.At 7 days post-discharge,the EPDS,SDS,and SAS scores in the observation group were(11.54±2.39)points,(51.12±4.62)points,and(49.71±4.22)points,respectively.In the control group,these scores were(15.93±3.87)points,(63.21±6.95)points,and(59.65±6.43)points,respectively.At 7 days post-discharge,the EPDS,SDS,and SAS scores in the observation group were significantly decreased compared with those before intervention(t=18.35,27.09,21.60,all P<0.001).At 7 days post-discharge,the EPDS,SDS,and SAS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(t=-10.79,-16.19,-14.44,all P<0.001).There were no significant differences in EPDS,SDS,and SAS scores in the control group between before intervention and 7 days post-discharge(t=1.95,1.91,1.92,P=0.051,0.056,0.055).Conclusion Psychological intervention can effectively alleviate postpartum depression and anxiety in postpartum women and deserves clinical promotion.