circRNA在溃疡性结肠炎、结直肠癌诊疗中应用的研究进展

Research progress on the application of circRNA in the diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer

溃疡性结肠炎是炎症性肠病的一种,主要表现为结肠黏膜的炎症交替复发和缓解,迁延不愈的溃疡性结肠炎存在癌变的风险,即可能演变为结直肠癌。结直肠癌为典型的恶性肿瘤疾病之一,常发生在直肠及直肠与乙状结肠交界处。由于溃疡性结肠炎和结直肠癌发病人数的不断增加,需要寻找更多的诊断和预后标记物及治疗靶点。circRNA为RNA的一种,其特殊的闭环结构使其具有丰度高、保守性高、稳定性好、特异性高等特点。目前研究发现circRNA与多种疾病有关,其在不同疾病下的表达差异有作为生物标记物的应用前景。本文通过归纳国内外最新研究进展,探讨circRNA作为潜在的生物标记物应用于溃疡性结肠炎及结直肠癌的诊疗过程,促进对溃疡性结肠炎及结直肠癌诊断、治疗及预后等多方面发展。

Ulcerative colitis is a kind of inflammatory bowel disease,which is mainly manifested as alternating recurrence and remission of inflammation in the colonic mucosa.Prolonged ulcerative colitis has the risk of canceration,which may evolve into colorectal cancer.Colorectal cancer is one of the typical malignant tumor diseases,which often occurs in the rectum and the junction of rectum and sigmoid colon.Due to the increasing incidence of ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer,more diagnostic and prognostic markers and therapeutic targets need to be found.circRNA is a kind of RNA,and its special closed-loop structure makes it have the characteristics of high abundance,high conservation,good stability and high specificity.Current studies have found that circRNA is related to a variety of diseases,and its expression differences under different diseases have the application prospect as biomarkers.By summarizing the latest research progress at home and abroad,this paper discusses the application of circRNA as a potential biomarker in the diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer,and promotes the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer.