2020-2022年镇江市新确证HIV-1感染者的流行特征和检测结果分析

The Epidemiological Characteristics and Laboratory Results of Newly Confirmed HIV-1 Infected Patients in Zhenjiang,2020-2022

目的分析镇江市新确证HIV-1感染者的流行特征、免疫蛋白印迹试验(WB)带型分布和CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数结果,探讨免疫状况及相关指标在疾病发展中的作用。方法收集2020—2022年镇江市新确证HIV-1感染者的人口学信息和检测结果,并进行汇总、统计。结果镇江市新确证HIV-1感染者共368例,男女比例约为6∶1,50岁以上的老年病例占37.50%,已婚者约60.33%,约30.00%的感染者一经确证,其免疫系统的功能已处于严重缺陷状态。不同免疫状况的WB带型中,免疫缺陷越严重,p39和p17检出率越低(P<0.01);同时,越到病程后期,gp41检出率越高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论本市艾滋病防治工作的重点人群为男男性行为群体(MSM)和50岁以上的老年人群体,近三成HIV-1感染者在被确证时其机体的免疫功能已受到较为严重的损害,可能会影响后续抗病毒治疗的效果。WB带型中p39和p17转阴、gp41转阳可以作为疾病发展为AIDS期,严重免疫缺陷状态的一个潜在指标。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics,Western blot(WB)bandings and CD4^(+)T lymphocyte counts of newly confirmed HIV-1 infected patients in the city of Zhenjiang,and investigate the role of immune status and potential markers in the development of HIV/AIDS.Methods To collect and analyze epidemiological characteristics,laboratory results of newly confirmed HIV-1 infected patients in the city of Zhenjiang from 2020 to 2022.Results There were 368 cases newly confirmed HIV-1 infection in the city of zhenjiang.Among these cases,the ratio of male to female was about 6∶1,37.50%were above 50 years old and 60.33%were married.About 30.00%of infected patients immune system function had been in a severely defective state.In WB banding patterns with different immune status,the more severe the immune deficiency,the lower the detection rates of p39 and p17(P<0.01).Meanwhile,the later the stage of HIV/AIDS,the higher the detection rate of gp41,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion Man who have sex with men(MSM)and the aged people over 50 years old are the main groups of HIV/AIDS prevention and control in the city of Zhenjiang.About one thirds of HIV-1 infected patients have suffered serious damage to their immune function when confirmed,which may affect the effect of follow-up antiviral treatment.The negative conversion of p39 and p17 and positive conversion of gp41 in WB banding can serve as a potential marker for the progression of AIDS and severe immunodeficiency status.