鸡坏死性肠炎的病因病机分析和治疗新思路

Etiology,pathogenesis and treatment of necrotizing enteritis in chicken

鸡坏死性肠炎是由A型或C型产气荚膜梭菌及所产毒素引起的一种主要侵害雏鸡的疾病。临床症状主要表现为突然发病、高死亡率和小肠黏膜坏死。通过病史调查、临床症状观察和粪便检查,判定鸡坏死性肠炎属于急性小肠性腹泻,病因病机是肠毒素性腹泻、侵袭性腹泻造成的分泌过度和功能吸收障碍,以纤维素性坏死性肠炎为主要特征。目前,鸡坏死性肠炎的治疗有湿热、寒湿两种不同的辨证思路,分别采用清热利湿、温阳利湿两种不同的治则,但有时治疗效果却不尽人意。笔者结合多年的临床实践经验,在中兽医理论指导下辨证分析,审证求因,发现鸡坏死性肠炎发病早期为湿热,中期为瘀热,后期为急性虚证,应分别采用清热利湿、通腑祛瘀、扶正固本的治则。根据鸡坏死性肠炎病情发展的不同阶段和大群主要证候特征,笔者合理组方治疗,取得了良好效果,可为该病的辨证提供新思路。

Chicken necrotizing enteritis is the disease caused by Clostridium perfringens type A and Clostridium perfringens type C and its toxins,which mainly affect chicks.The main clinical symptoms were sudden onset,high mortality and small intestinal mucosal necrosis.It was determined that necrotizing enteritis belonged to acute intestinal diarrhea by history investigation,clinical symptom observation and fecal examination.The pathogenesis was caused by excessive secretion and functional absorption disorders caused by enterotoxin diarrhea and invasive diarrhea,and cellulose necrotizing enteritis was the main feature.At present,the treatment of chicken necrotizing enteritis has two different syndrome differentiation ideas,namely,clearing heat and diuresis,warming Yang and diuresis,but sometimes the therapeutic effect is not satisfactory.Through many years of clinical practice experience,under the guidance of Chinese veterinary theory,it was found that the early stage of the onset of chicken necrotizing enteritis is damp heat,the middle stage is stasis heat,and the late stage is acute deficiency syndrome,which should be used to clear heat and remove blood stasis,support the right and the fundamental,respectively.According to the different stages of the development of necrotizing enteritis and the main syndromes of a large group of chickens,the rational formulation and treatment have achieved good results,which can provide a new idea for the differentiation of the disease and provide a reference for the rational formulation and treatment.