论德格《陀罗尼集》新旧版本的差异

A Study on the Differences Between the Old and New Woodblock Versions of"Bka Vdus"in Derge

《陀罗尼集》中收录的佛经大都具有极强的现实功用,可为信徒在日常生活中遭遇的各种难题提供精神层面的解决方案,广受民间欢迎。德格木刻版《陀罗尼集》先后刊刻了四个不同版本,其中第一个版本以达丹版为蓝本,刊刻于17世纪中叶,但其木刻版及印本均未存世。其余三个版本分别刊刻于1717年、1899年和1986年。1717年版中收录263种经,十九世纪末期措须喇嘛罗布旦增(1835-1914)在此基础上增补了81种,但其中有5种在内容上与《经部》《杂部》有重复,共收录了348种经;1899年版是对1717年版经过补正后刊刻的,校订时按照贡珠云丹嘉措(1813-1899)的建议进行了修订,删减了1717年版《续部》中的5种、《增补》中的9种、以及上述重复的5种,同时新增了20种,共收录了349种经;1986年版是根据1899年版复刻的,除了对末叶处的刊刻年代作了修改以外,再无任何差异。值得注意的是《陀罗尼集》中收录的《天地八阳神咒经》《汉传消灾经》《三界调和真经》等多部经是译自汉文经典,以此将民族文字作为传承中华文化的桥梁,使之成为文化交流交融的载体,为铸牢中华民族共同体意识提供了重要的文献依据。

Most of the Buddhist scriptures in Bka Vdus have strong practical functions,providing religious solutions to various problems encountered by believers in their daily lives,so they are widely welcomed by practitioners.This paper explores the printing process and the differences of four different Derge wood block editions of Bka Vdus.The first version was engraved in the mid-17th century based on the Takten edition,but its woodblocks and printings no longer exist.Later,three editions were engraved in 1717,1899 and 1986 respectively.Among these,the 1717 edition has 263 texts,with 81 extra texts added by Tsog Shul Lama Norbu Tenzin(1835-1914)in the late 19th century.The 1899 edition was revised and engraved based on the 1717 edition.Kongtrul Yonden Gyatso(1813-1899)gave advice for this revision,where 20 new additional texts were included,and 19 texts were removed,including 5 texts from the sutra section,9 texts from the supplement,and 5 other duplications of texts.This resulted in an edition with a total of 349 texts;The 1986 edition is a reproduction of the 1899 edition.With the exception of the year of printing at the end of the leaf of the scripture,the contents are all the same.